Vitamin B12 and folic have the similar adverse effects, but what separates one from the other?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: No neurological symptoms in folic acid. Vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiencies both can lead to megaloblastic anemia and similar hematological symptoms. However, vitamin B12 deficiency can also cause neurological symptoms due to its role in nerve function, which folic acid deficiency does not. Glossitis (choice A) can be a symptom of both deficiencies. Muscle wasting (choice C) is not a common symptom of either deficiency. Dizziness (choice D) is a nonspecific symptom and can occur with various vitamin deficiencies, not specific to vitamin B12 or folic acid.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 1,4. Sildenafil inhibits phosphodiesterase type 5, leading to increased cAMP levels. Dipyridamole also inhibits phosphodiesterase, increasing cAMP. Ticlopidine and clopidogrel do not affect cAMP levels. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they include drugs that do not inhibit phosphodiesterase to increase cAMP.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Absolute lymphocytosis with hepatomegaly or splenomegaly indicates an intermediate risk in Rai Staging System, which corresponds to Stage II. Hepatomegaly or splenomegaly alone would be Stage I, while lymphadenopathy alone would be Stage 0. Stage III in CLL prognosis involves anemia and/or thrombocytopenia along with lymphocytosis. Therefore, the correct answer is Stage II. Other choices are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the specific combination of symptoms described in the question.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Eosinophils. Eosinophils are involved in allergic reactions due to their role in fighting parasitic infections and regulating inflammatory responses. During an allergic reaction, eosinophils increase in number to help combat the allergen. Lymphocytes (A) are involved in immune responses but are not specifically associated with allergic reactions. Neutrophils (B) are the most abundant type of white blood cells and are typically involved in bacterial infections, not allergic reactions. Monocytes (C) are involved in the immune response against pathogens but are not specifically related to allergic reactions. Eosinophils are the key players in allergic responses due to their specialized functions in combating allergens and modulating inflammation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lymphocyte. Lymphocytes can develop in sites other than the bone marrow, such as the thymus and lymph nodes. Monocytes, Megakaryocytes, and Neutrophils develop exclusively in the bone marrow. Monocytes differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells, while Megakaryocytes produce platelets. Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell involved in the immune response. Therefore, only lymphocytes have the ability to develop outside the bone marrow, making choice B the correct answer.