Upon examining the mouth of a 3 year-old child, the nurse discovers that the teeth have chalky white-to-yellowish staining with pitting of the enamel. Which of the following conditions would most likely explain these findings?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Fluorosis from excessive fluoride causes enamel pitting and discoloration.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Assessing pulse confirms VF before proceeding with defibrillation or CPR.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Back massages for bedridden patients primarily serve to enhance blood flow and alleviate discomfort caused by prolonged immobility. By stimulating circulation, they help prevent complications like pressure ulcers and muscle stiffness, which are common in patients unable to move freely. Entertainment might be a secondary benefit but isn't the main goal. Preventing infections is more tied to hygiene practices, not massage, though it indirectly supports skin health. Evaluating skin condition can occur during the process, but it's not the primary purpose massage is an active intervention, not just an assessment tool. The tactile stimulation also relaxes muscles and improves patient well-being, making it a cornerstone of comfort care in nursing.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Assessing the patient's readiness and strength before assisting them to stand prevents falls and injuries by ensuring they're physically capable of the transition. This involves checking their stability, pain level, and muscle strength, tailoring assistance accordingly. Telling them to stand alone risks harm if they're weak or dizzy. Pulling them abruptly ignores their condition and could cause strain or falls. Starting ambulation exercises immediately skips this critical safety step. Nurses prioritize patient safety assessment identifies risks like orthostatic hypotension or post-surgical weakness, ensuring a smooth, supported move that protects both patient and caregiver.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Providing verbal cues and guidance while walking beside a visually impaired patient ensures safe ambulation by compensating for their lack of sight with clear instructions and physical proximity. Walking unassisted risks falls or collisions, undermining safety over independence. Ignoring the impairment doesn't build resilience it neglects care duty and invites harm. Confinement sacrifices mobility and quality of life for false safety. Nurses use this supportive approach describing obstacles, offering an arm if needed to balance autonomy with protection, fostering confidence and preventing injuries in a tailored, compassionate way.