ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Questions
Question 1 of 9
Type of healing when scars are minimal due to careful surgical incision and good healing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: First intention healing (A) results in minimal scarring due to careful surgical incision, immediate closure, and optimal healing conditions. Edges are approximated with sutures, reducing granulation and scar tissue. Second intention (B) involves open wounds healing by granulation, often leaving larger scars. Third intention (C) delays closure for infected wounds, increasing scarring. Fourth intention (D) isn't valid. First intention's precision and lack of complications like infection or tension minimize scar formation, aligning with the description and making A the correct choice.
Question 2 of 9
What is the maximum duration of time the nurse allows an IV bag of solution to infuse in to a patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: IV solutions hang for a maximum of 24 hours to reduce infection risk, as per CDC and INS guidelines. Beyond this, bacterial growth in fluid increases, especially in nutrient-rich solutions. Nurses change bags daily, even if unfinished, ensuring sterility and patient safety. Shorter times (6-18 hours) may apply to specific drugs, but 24 hours is the standard limit for general infusions, balancing practicality and risk.
Question 3 of 9
Which of the following statement, if made by the nurse, is considered not therapeutic?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It must be awful (B) isn't therapeutic; it assumes the client's feelings, projecting the nurse's view, per Rogers. Asking past coping (A), feelings (C), or triggers (D) invites exploration, fostering trust. B risks shutting down dialogue by implying judgment, not empathy, making it non-therapeutic and the correct answer.
Question 4 of 9
The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health that he would perform unaided if he has the necessary strength, will and knowledge, and do this in such a way as to help him gain independence as rapidly as possible.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Virginia Henderson's definition of nursing, articulated in the 1950s, centers on assisting individuals healthy or ill with activities they'd manage independently if capable, aiming to foster autonomy. Her Nature of Nursing theory lists 14 basic needs (e.g., breathing, eating, eliminating), framing nurses as substitutes (fully assisting), helpers (partly supporting), or partners (collaborating) based on patient ability. Unlike Abdellah's problem-solving focus, Levin's conservation principles, or Peplau's interpersonal relations, Henderson's approach is practical and patient-centered. For instance, a postoperative patient might need help eating until strength returns nurses facilitate this to hasten recovery. Her emphasis on independence influenced modern nursing education and practice, evident in care plans prioritizing patient self-management, making it a landmark concept in defining nursing's scope and purpose.
Question 5 of 9
Which of the following is NOT an eminent sign of death?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Eminent signs of death include death rattle (A), apnea (B), and swallowing loss (D), per dying process body fails. Increased muscle tone (C) is untrue tone decreases as muscles relax terminally. C contradicts flaccidity, making it the correct non-sign.
Question 6 of 9
The nurse is caring for a client with laryngeal cancer. The client's daughter asks the nurse how her father got cancer of the larynx. The nurse should explain that one risk factor is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cigarette smoking is a primary risk factor for laryngeal cancer, as tobacco's carcinogens directly irritate and mutate laryngeal tissues over time, a well-established link in oncology. Tuberculosis affects the lungs, not typically the larynx, while wood dust and air pollution are more associated with nasal or lung cancers. Nurses educate families on this connection, emphasizing smoking cessation to reduce risk, framing it as a preventable factor. This explanation addresses the daughter's query with clarity, grounding it in the client's likely history, and supports broader health teaching to mitigate future risks in the family.
Question 7 of 9
The nurse is caring for a client with a C6 spinal cord injury. Which activity should the nurse encourage to promote independence?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: C6 SCI allows arm movement; feeding with adaptive utensils (B) promotes independence. Wheelchair (A) is mobility. Walking (C) or full dressing (D) exceed C6 ability. B is correct. Rationale: C6 function supports elbow flexion, enabling self-feeding with tools, per rehabilitation goals, enhancing autonomy.
Question 8 of 9
The nurse checked protocols to ensure Mr. Gary's safe care. This is an example of?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Checking protocols for safety is quality assurance (A) standard maintenance, per definition. Collaboration (B) teams, promotion (C) well-being, informatics (D) tech not quality-specific. A fits the nurse's effort for Mr. Gary, making it correct.
Question 9 of 9
Which intervention should the nurse prioritize for a patient with impaired mobility to prevent respiratory complications?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Encouraging deep breathing and coughing prevents respiratory complications like atelectasis in impaired-mobility patients by clearing airways and expanding lungs. Oxygen treats symptoms, spirometry aids expansion but isn't primary, and antibiotics aren't routine. Nurses prioritize this to enhance ventilation, countering immobility's respiratory suppression, a simple yet effective strategy for lung health maintenance.