ATI LPN
Questions on the Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Type 1 hypersensitivity involves:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Type 1 hypersensitivity is an immediate allergic reaction. Step 2: IgE antibodies are responsible for triggering Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions. Step 3: IgG is not involved in Type 1 hypersensitivity. Step 4: Delayed reactions (Choice C) are not characteristic of Type 1 hypersensitivity. Therefore, the correct answer is A: IgE, as it is the key mediator of Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions. Choices B and C are incorrect because IgG is not involved and Type 1 hypersensitivity is not a delayed reaction. Choice D is incorrect because it includes choices B and C, which are not relevant to Type 1 hypersensitivity.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse caring for a client who has an immunosuppressive disorder knows that continual monitoring of the client is critical. What is the primary rationale behind the need for continual monitoring?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Continual monitoring is crucial for early detection and treatment of infections in clients with immunosuppressive disorders. By closely observing the client's condition, the nurse can identify subtle signs of infection early, allowing prompt intervention to prevent complications. Choices A, B, and D do not directly address the primary rationale for monitoring immunosuppressed clients. Meeting functional needs, administering medications, and maintaining accurate documentation are important but not as critical as detecting and treating infections promptly in this population.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client with stage 3 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). After assessing the client's gastrointestinal system and analyzing the data, which nursing diagnosis is most likely to be the priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Diarrhea. For a client with stage 3 HIV, diarrhea is a priority nursing diagnosis due to the increased risk of opportunistic infections and medication side effects causing gastrointestinal disturbances. Diarrhea can lead to dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and malnutrition, which can exacerbate the client's condition. Acute abdominal pain (choice A) may be a symptom of an underlying issue, but addressing diarrhea is more crucial in this case. Bowel incontinence (choice C) and constipation (choice D) are not typically associated with stage 3 HIV and are less urgent compared to diarrhea in this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
A client with AIDS is admitted to the hospital with AIDS-related wasting syndrome and AIDS-related anorexia. What drug has been found to promote significant weight gain in clients with AIDS by increasing body fat stores?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Megestrol. Megestrol is a synthetic progestin that has been found to promote significant weight gain in clients with AIDS-related wasting syndrome by increasing body fat stores. It stimulates appetite and can lead to improved food intake, resulting in weight gain. Psyllium (A) is a bulk-forming laxative, Momordica charantia (B) is a plant used in traditional medicine with no proven weight gain effects, and Ranitidine (D) is a medication used to reduce stomach acid production, none of which promote weight gain in clients with AIDS.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following blood levels is usually abnormally high in a person with polycythemia vera?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hemoglobin. In polycythemia vera, there is an overproduction of red blood cells, leading to high levels of hemoglobin. This condition is characterized by an increased viscosity of blood. Erythropoietin (B) levels are usually low in polycythemia vera due to the negative feedback mechanism. Sodium (C) and potassium (D) levels are typically not directly affected by polycythemia vera.