ATI LPN
Renal System Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
True or False: The significant presence of red blood cells in the urine is normal and healthy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Red blood cells in urine (hematuria) indicate pathology (e.g., infection, stones), not normal health (B). True (A) contradicts this clinical sign, making False correct.
Question 2 of 5
Following an open loop resection and fulguration of the bladder, a patient is unable to void. Which nursing action should be implemented first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A sitz bath (B) relaxes perineal muscles post-surgery, promoting voiding as the first non-invasive step. Catheterization (A) risks UTI, fluids (C) don't address retention, and exercises (D) are preventive, making B the initial action.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a hospitalized patient with a decreased glomerular filtration rate who is scheduled for an intravenous pyelogram (IVP). Which action will be included in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patients with impaired renal function are at risk for decreased renal function after IVP because the contrast medium used is nephrotoxic, so the nurse should monitor the patient's urine output. MAC sedation and retention catheterization are not required for the procedure. The contrast medium is given IV, not orally.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse contributes to the plan of care for a patient who has edema. Which of the following is the best indicator of a patient's fluid volume status?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Daily weight (C) is the best fluid volume indicator, reflecting gains/losses precisely (1 kg = 1 L). I&O (A) is less accurate, vital signs (B) are indirect, and turgor (D) is unreliable with edema, making C the top measure.
Question 5 of 5
Normal urinary output is ___ to 2,000 mL per 24 hours.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Normal urinary output is 1,000-2,000 mL/24 hours (B), balancing fluid intake. 500 mL (A) is oliguria, and 1,500-2,500 mL (C, D) fit within but aren't the lower bound, making B the standard.