True about basophils:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Basophils are a type of leukocyte, so they are included in the total leukocyte count. Step 2: Basophils make up less than 0.2% of total leukocytes in the blood. Step 3: Therefore, choice A is correct as basophils comprise a very small percentage of leukocytes. Summary: Choice B is incorrect as basophil granules stain with basic dyes like Toluidine blue. Choice C is incorrect as basophils have a shorter lifespan compared to several months. Choice D is incorrect as basophils play a key role in anaphylaxis through the release of histamine.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Male-to-male sexual contact. This is because statistics show that men who have sex with men (MSM) are the group most affected by new cases of HIV. MSM is considered a high-risk group due to various factors like higher prevalence of HIV within the community, higher rates of unprotected sex, and multiple sexual partners. Choice B is incorrect as heterosexual contact has a lower incidence rate compared to MSM. Choice C is incorrect as the combination of male-to-male sexual contact with injection drug use is less common than MSM alone. Choice D is incorrect because age group 25 to 29 may not necessarily be the most affected group in terms of new HIV cases.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: "AIDS isn't transmitted by casual contact." This is the best response because it is accurate and provides the friend with correct information. HIV is not transmitted through casual contact, so the friend visiting the client is not at risk of contracting the virus. A: "Do you think that you might already have HIV?" - This response is inappropriate as it raises unnecessary concerns and does not address the friend's question directly. B: "Your immune system is likely very healthy." - This response is irrelevant to the friend's concern about contracting HIV and does not provide any information related to the risk of transmission. D: "You can't normally contract AIDS in a hospital setting." - While this statement is generally true due to universal precautions in healthcare settings, it does not directly address the friend's specific concern about HIV transmission through visiting the client.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Obtaining a stool culture is important to identify possible pathogens causing chronic diarrhea in a client with AIDS. This intervention will help determine the appropriate treatment and management plan. A: Positioning the client in high Fowler position is not directly related to managing chronic diarrhea in this case. B: Temporarily eliminating animal protein from the diet may not be necessary and could deprive the client of essential nutrients. C: Making sure the client eats raw fruit may exacerbate diarrhea due to the high fiber content, which could worsen the condition. In summary, obtaining a stool culture is crucial for identifying the cause of chronic diarrhea in a client with AIDS, while the other options are not directly related or may even be counterproductive.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct initial response is B: "How has this affected your life?" This response demonstrates therapeutic communication by acknowledging the patient's feelings and concerns, and encourages the patient to express their thoughts and emotions. By asking about the impact on her life, the nurse can gather more information about the patient's symptoms, daily activities, and overall well-being, which can help in developing a comprehensive care plan. Choice A is incorrect because simply instructing the patient to continue taking supplements without further assessment of the situation may not address the underlying issues causing the fatigue. Choice C is incorrect as it suggests a solution without understanding the patient's specific situation. Choice D is incorrect because it assumes stress is the primary cause of the tiredness without exploring other potential factors contributing to the symptoms.