Trimethoprim can be used for Lower UTI. How does it work, indication, and dose?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: For a client with restless leg syndrome (RLS) on ferrous sulfate, the nurse should monitor serum iron and ferritin. RLS is linked to low iron stores, and ferrous sulfate supplements iron to alleviate symptoms. Monitoring these levels ensures therapeutic effect and prevents toxicity (e.g., hemochromatosis). Electrolytes, platelets/hematocrit, and neutrophils/eosinophils aren't directly affected by iron therapy or RLS, making iron and ferritin the key labs to track for efficacy and safety.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The thin descending limb of the Loop of Henle is highly permeable to water due to its numerous aquaporin-1 channels, allowing water to exit into the hyperosmotic medullary interstitium, concentrating the filtrate. The thick ascending limb actively reabsorbs Na⁺ and Cl⁻ but is impermeable to water, diluting the filtrate. The thin ascending limb has limited water permeability, and there's no ‘thick descending limb,' making B the correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: First, convert blood glucose: 200 mg/ml = 20,000 mg/dl. Glucose filtration rate = blood glucose × GFR = 20,000 mg/dl × 1.25 dl/min = 25,000 mg/min. Tmax (reabsorption limit) is 200 mg/min. Excreted glucose = filtered - Tmax = 25,000 - 200 = 24,800 mg/min. However, the explanation suggests 250 mg/min filtered (likely 200 mg/dl intended), yielding 50 mg/min excreted (250 - 200), aligning with C.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) increases water permeability in the distal tubule and collecting duct by inserting aquaporin-2 channels, allowing water reabsorption to concentrate urine. It doesn't affect urea in the PCT (B), all nephron parts (C), or NaCl in the descending limb (D), which is water-permeable, making A correct.