Treatment plan for child with sickle cell anemia will include:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Sickle cell anemia requires IV fluids to prevent vaso-occlusion, narcotics for pain crises, and transfusions for severe anemia. All (A, B, C) are standard, making D correct.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Cerebral palsy is a non-progressive disorder from a static brain lesion, affecting posture and movement. Option B (False) is correct.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Direct pressure to the nose stops most anterior epistaxis (Kiesselbach plexus) as the initial step. Packing (B) or cautery (D) follows if pressure fails. Option A is incomplete.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV), administered nasally, is contraindicated in individuals with severe asthma because it can exacerbate respiratory conditions due to its replication in the nasal passages. Choice A (egg allergy) is not a contraindication for LAIV since current formulations have minimal egg protein, and ACIP allows its use in egg-allergic patients unless anaphylaxis history exists. Choice C (chronic diseases) is too vague—some chronic conditions (e.g., diabetes) are not contraindications, though immunocompromised states are. Choice D (active tuberculosis) is a precaution, not an absolute contraindication, though vaccination may be deferred. Severe asthma is the clearest contraindication here.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line, immediate treatment for anaphylaxis, administered intramuscularly (e.g., via EpiPen) to reverse airway constriction, hypotension, and other life-threatening symptoms by stimulating alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors. Choice A (Benadryl, diphenhydramine) and D (Reactine, cetirizine) are antihistamines used as adjuncts to reduce itching and hives but do not address acute airway or cardiovascular collapse. Choice B (Gravol, dimenhydrinate) is an antiemetic, irrelevant to anaphylaxis.