ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Exam 1 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
To ensure that a research study is ethical, a nurse researcher must observe which human rights for participants?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ethical nursing research upholds participants' rights, guided by the 1985 ANA guidelines, still relevant today. Self-determinism ensures participants choose involvement freely, without coercion, respecting autonomy. Privacy safeguards their personal information and dignity, preventing unauthorized disclosure. Anonymity protects identity, ensuring data can't be linked to individuals, fostering trust. Fair treatment guarantees equitable selection and care, while protection from harm minimizes risks. A cure for illness isn't a right, as research seeks knowledge, not guaranteed outcomes. These principles self-determinism, privacy, anonymity, and more balance scientific goals with human dignity, ensuring participants are respected as individuals, not mere subjects. This ethical foundation is critical for credible, humane research, safeguarding vulnerable populations and upholding nursing's integrity.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse teaches a client with diabetes to perform daily foot inspections to check for skin breakdown. This teaching is an example of which level of prevention?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Teaching a diabetic client daily foot inspections is tertiary prevention, managing an existing condition to prevent complications like ulcers or amputations. Diabetes is chronic, and this intervention post-diagnosis focuses on reducing further harm by catching skin issues early, a common risk due to neuropathy. Primary prevention, like diet to avoid diabetes, precedes onset. Secondary prevention screens for initial signs, not ongoing care. 'Chronic' isn't a level. Nursing's tertiary role here empowers self-monitoring, critical since poor circulation masks injuries studies show inspections slash amputation rates. This aligns with chronic disease management, ensuring the client maintains function and avoids escalation, reflecting nursing's emphasis on practical, preventive care within an established illness.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse reviews the nurses' notes from 1300, 1500, 2000, and 2020. Based on the information, which is the priority action by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Without specific notes, the priority action hinges on common critical scenarios. Having the defibrillator ready at the bedside (C) is the most urgent action if the notes suggest cardiac instability (e.g., arrhythmias), as defibrillation addresses life-threatening ventricular rhythms per ACLS protocols. Ensuring endotracheal intubation readiness (A) is vital for airway compromise, but respiratory decline typically progresses slower than cardiac arrest. Preparing protamine sulfate (B) reverses heparin in bleeding, but this is less immediate unless hemorrhage is explicit. Sugammadex (D) reverses neuromuscular blockers, relevant post-surgery, not broadly urgent. C is selected as the priority due to its alignment with rapid life-saving intervention. Rationale: Cardiac arrest is a leading cause of death in critical care; a defibrillator's immediate availability can restore rhythm within minutes, critical when notes imply deteriorating vitals, outweighing preparatory actions like intubation or drug administration in urgency and impact.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is preparing to perform nasotracheal suctioning on a client. The nurse places the client's bed in which position to effectively perform this procedure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Without a figure, nasotracheal suctioning typically requires a semi-Fowler's position (30-45° head elevation), assumed as Position 3 (C), to align the airway and reduce aspiration risk. Flat (A), high Fowler's (B), or prone (D) are less optimal. C is correct. Rationale: Semi-Fowler's facilitates catheter passage and secretion drainage, minimizing complications like gagging or hypoxia, a standard positioning per respiratory care protocols.
Question 5 of 5
A client with a primary brain tumor has developed syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The nurse will expect to see which clinical findings upon assessment? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: SIADH causes excessive water retention, diluting sodium. Decreased serum sodium (D) is a hallmark finding, leading to hyponatremia. Nausea/vomiting (A) and bradycardia (C) may occur secondary to cerebral edema, but hyperthermia (B) isn't typical. D is correct for CSV. Rationale: Hyponatremia from SIADH disrupts osmolarity, causing neurological symptoms and fluid overload, a key focus in neurocritical care, distinct from temperature dysregulation, per endocrine disorder management.