This is the distinctive individual qualities that differentiate a person to another

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Personality encompasses traits behavior, mood, talents that make individuals unique, a psychological concept distinct from philosophy (beliefs guiding life), charm (social appeal), or character (moral values). In nursing, personality influences patient interactions e.g., an empathetic nurse builds trust differently than a reserved one. This individuality, shaped by upbringing and experience, impacts care delivery, making it a key focus in understanding nurse-client dynamics.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Bioethics addresses health care dilemmas (B), per its scope e.g., treatment choices, resource allocation. Not just end-of-life (A), not physician-only (C), not law (D) it's ethical. B reflects bioethics' role in care, making it true.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Holistic care addresses physical (A), emotional (B), and spiritual (C) needs 'focuses only on curing disease' (D) isn't true, as it prioritizes well-being over cure, per its philosophy. D contradicts holism's multidimensional focus, which includes comfort and meaning, not just disease eradication, making it the untrue statement.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Budek uses making observation (C), stating 'You appear restless' to reflect the client's behavior (pacing, agitation) at Anxiety +3 (severe). General leads (A) prompt broad responses (e.g., 'Tell me more'). Clarification (B) seeks explanation, not observation. Encouraging perception (D) asks the client's view. Observation opens dialogue neutrally, per therapeutic communication, making C correct.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Acupuncture uses needles (B), stimulates endorphins (C), and can relieve chronic pain (A), per studies it has scientific basis, making 'no scientific basis' (D) untrue. Research (e.g., NIH) supports its efficacy, refuting D, thus it's the correct false statement.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Contemporary nursing demands autonomy and accountability nurses independently make decisions within their scope and take responsibility for outcomes, reflecting roles like educator, advocate, and clinician. This aligns with evolving healthcare, where nurses lead initiatives (e.g., patient education) and answer for care quality. Health promotion and illness prevention are key foci but specific tasks, not broad role examples. Providing bedside care is traditional, not fully capturing modern diversity (e.g., research, management). Following physician orders reflects dependence, not the autonomy defining today's practice. Autonomy and accountability encompass the knowledge (clinical expertise), skills (critical thinking), and attitudes (responsibility) needed for multifaceted roles, making this the best fit for contemporary nursing's scope.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Paracetamol dropping 40°C to 36.7°C in 10 minutes fully meets fever reduction goals e.g., normal range (36.6-38°C). Partial or unmet implies residual fever; undesired criteria suggest issues (none here). Nurses document this e.g., success per outcome standards.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Keeping crackers bedside for pre-rising nibbling reduces morning sickness by settling stomach acid milk may worsen nausea, skipping meals risks hunger, and sugary juice lacks evidence. Nurses suggest this, easing early pregnancy discomfort safely.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Discouraging emotional bonds (D) isn't a characteristic of an effective nurse-client relationship; therapeutic bonds aid healing, per Peplau. Focus (A), trust (B), and acceptance (C) are key. D contradicts relational goals, making it correct.