This fatal disorder results from clot/thrombus formation in the blood circulation

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pulmonary embolism. A pulmonary embolism occurs when a blood clot from another part of the body, typically the legs (DVT), travels to the lungs and blocks a pulmonary artery. This can be fatal if not promptly treated. Thromboembolism (A) is a general term for blood clots that travel in the bloodstream. DVT (B) specifically refers to a blood clot in a deep vein, often in the legs. PAD (C) stands for peripheral artery disease, which is caused by atherosclerosis and results in reduced blood flow to the extremities, but it does not typically lead to fatal clot formation in the circulation like a pulmonary embolism does.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Intravascular hemolysis occurs within blood vessels due to mechanical trauma. Step 2: Trauma to red blood cells (RBCs) while in circulation can lead to their destruction. Step 3: This destruction releases hemoglobin into the bloodstream. Step 4: The released hemoglobin can cause complications like kidney damage. Step 5: Therefore, intravascular hemolysis is the result of trauma to RBCs in circulation. Summary: Choice A is correct because trauma to RBCs in circulation can indeed lead to intravascular hemolysis. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the process of intravascular hemolysis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A (2). RPI (Reticulocyte Production Index) is calculated as: Observed Reticulocyte Count (%) x (Patient's Hct/Normal Hct). Given values: Observed reticulocyte count=6%, Hct=30%. Therefore, RPI = 6% x (30%/45%) = 6% x 0.67 = 4.02 ≈ 4. Since RPI is rounded to the nearest whole number, the correct RPI would be 4. Therefore, the correct answer is A (2). Other choices (B, C, D) are incorrect as they do not result from the correct calculation of RPI.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Condenser. The condenser gathers, organizes, and directs light through the specimen to improve contrast and resolution. It focuses the light onto the specimen, making it more visible. The other choices are incorrect because the ocular (A) is the eyepiece, the objective lens (B) magnifies the specimen, and the optical tube (D) holds the ocular and objective together.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Easy bruising. Immune thrombocytopenia purpura is characterized by low platelet count, leading to easy bruising. Fever (A) and joint pain (C) are not typical symptoms of ITP. Hair loss (D) is not associated with this condition. Easy bruising is a key sign due to decreased platelets preventing proper blood clotting.