ATI LPN
100 Questions on the Cardiovascular System Questions
Question 1 of 5
These structures prevent prolapse of the atrioventricular valves
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chordae tendineae anchor the atrioventricular valve leaflets to the papillary muscles, preventing prolapse during ventricular contraction.
Question 2 of 5
In which of the following clinical scenarios involving patients with lung disease would you expect pulmonary function studies to exhibit decreased compliance, increased elasticity, and an increased FEV1/FVC ratio?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sarcoidosis, an interstitial lung disease, reduces compliance (stiff lungs), increases elasticity, and preserves or increases FEV1/FVC due to restrictive physiology.
Question 3 of 5
What instruction would the nurse give when teaching a patient about stage 1 hypertension?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient should decrease intake of sodium. This will help to control hypertension, which can be aggravated by excessive salt intake.
Question 4 of 5
What is the priority action when a client is prescribed verapamil for atrial fibrillation and has a BP of 88/56 mmHg and HR of 55 bpm?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Verapamil can cause bradycardia and hypotension, so it should be held and the provider notified.
Question 5 of 5
What lab result is most likely if a patient on spironolactone develops muscle weakness and palpitations?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hyperkalemia is a known adverse effect of potassium-sparing diuretics like spironolactone.