ATI LPN
Respiratory System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle into the aorta each minute is called the
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cardiac output (CO) is the volume of blood the left ventricle ejects into the aorta per minute, typically 5-6 liters at rest, calculated as stroke volume (blood per beat) times heart rate. 'Cardiac input' isn't a standard term venous return approximates it. Stroke volume is per beat (~70 mL), not minute. Heart rate is beats per minute, not volume. CO measures heart efficiency, key in assessing circulation and diagnosing failure where output drops, a vital metric in cardiovascular physiology and clinical monitoring.
Question 2 of 5
The muscular layer of the heart wall is the:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The myocardium is the heart wall's muscular layer, cardiac muscle with intercalated discs for synchronized contraction, pumping blood. Epicardium (outer) and endocardium (inner) are connective; pericardium is the external sac. This layer's thickness and strength, especially left-sided, drive heart action, key in physiology and failure where muscle weakens, a definitive cardiac component.
Question 3 of 5
The organs of the respiratory zone of the respiratory system include all the following EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The trachea (A) is not in the respiratory zone, per the key it's a conducting zone organ. Small bronchioles (B), alveolar ducts (C), and alveoli (D) form the respiratory zone, enabling gas exchange (e.g., 5-6 L/min air). The trachea conducts air (C-shaped cartilage), not exchanging gases. Respiratory zone structures (terminal bronchioles onward) have thin walls (0.5 μm) for O₂/CO₂ diffusion, per anatomy. The trachea's role airway patency (15-20 cm long) contrasts with B's transition, C's channeling, and D's 300 million exchange sites, excluding A from the gas-exchange zone.
Question 4 of 5
When assisting with psychological issues for the client with lung cancer, which epidemiological factor should the nurse keep in mind?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lung cancer's 5-year survival <15% (A) is key, per document (1). SEER data show 18% overall, worse for late-stage (e.g., 5% stage IV). Symptoms late (B false 70% advanced at diagnosis), growth varies (C inaccurate bronchial or peripheral), and smoking duration (D) is risk, not psychology focus. A's grim prognosis 90% mortality shapes counseling (e.g., hopelessness), distinguishing it from D's etiology.
Question 5 of 5
The parents of an infant with bronchiolitis ask the nurse why their baby's room has a sign on the door that says 'contact precautions' and why the nurses all wear gloves and gowns when they hold him. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Precautions prevent viral spread' (A) best explains contact precautions for bronchiolitis (RSV), per document (1). Gloves/gowns block droplet/contact transmission (e.g., 10ⶠvirions/mL mucus), protecting others. B's focus on severity is true but less precise. C's protection reverses direction. D's generalization is false. A's clarity 30% hospital spread risk educates, unlike C's inaccuracy, per CDC.