ATI LPN
Cardiovascular Assessment Nursing Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The valve that guards the left atrioventricular orifice is called the:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The left AV valve is called both bicuspid and mitral.
Question 2 of 5
The ECG deflection produced during repolarization of the atria and depolarization of the ventricles is the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The RS complex represents ventricular depolarization, which overlaps atrial repolarization.
Question 3 of 5
The effect of what substance is to decrease total blood volume?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH) decreases blood volume by promoting sodium and water excretion in the kidneys. ADH and aldosterone increase blood volume by retaining water and sodium, respectively.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with a history of chronic heart failure is admitted to the emergency department with severe dyspnea and a dry, hacking cough. Which action should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This patient's severe dyspnea and cough indicate that acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is occurring. ADHF usually manifests as pulmonary edema, which should be detected and treated immediately to prevent ongoing hypoxemia and cardiac/respiratory arrest. The other assessments will provide useful data about the patient's volume status and also should be accomplished rapidly, but detection (and treatment) of pulmonary complications is the priority.
Question 5 of 5
A simple equation for the calculation of blood pressure can be written as: Blood Pressure = Cardiac Output x Resistance to blood flow. Identify one factor that affects resistance to the flow of blood within systemic blood vessels.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vessel diameter greatly influences blood flow resistance according to Poiseuille's Law.