ATI LPN
NCLEX Practice Questions on Perioperative Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
The surgical team understands that time is crucial in recognizing and treating an MH crisis. Once recognized, what is the treatment of choice?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dantrolene sodium is the treatment of choice for an MH crisis, reversing muscle hypermetabolism. Danazol , phenytoin , and diazepam treat other conditions. The rationale focuses on mechanism: dantrolene inhibits calcium release in muscles, halting MH's cascade (tachycardia, rigidity, fever). Administered IV rapidly, it's stocked on MH carts, reflecting nursing's role in preparedness and delivery, critical for survival in this time-sensitive emergency, distinct from unrelated medications.
Question 2 of 5
A patient cared for in the PACU has had a colostomy placed for treatment of Crohn's disease. The nurse assesses that an abdominal dressing is 25% saturated with serosanguineous drainage and notes that the incision is intact. An IV is infusing with D5/lactated Ringer's at 100 mL/hr through a 20g peripheral IV access. Auscultation of abdomen reveals hypoactive bowel sounds in all four quadrants, abdomen soft, and no distention. Foley catheter is in place and draining yellow urine with sediment, 375 mL output in Foley bag. Which body systems have been assessed by the nurse? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assessed systems include gastrointestinal (choice B, bowel sounds, dressing), renal/urinary (choice A, Foley), and integumentary (choice E, incision). Respiratory and musculoskeletal aren't noted. The rationale links findings: hypoactive bowels and drainage assess GI/colostomy status; urine output checks kidneys; incision monitors skin. Nursing evaluates post-colostomy function and healing, distinct from unassessed systems.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse on the medical-surgical unit is caring for a postoperative patient. Which assessment criteria indicate to the nurse that the patient is experiencing respiratory difficulty? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Respiratory difficulty signs include accessory muscle use , crowing sounds , and elevated respiratory rate (choice E, not listed). SpO2 94% is mild; BP drop is unrelated. The rationale identifies distress: accessory muscles and stridor signal effort or obstruction; rate increase reflects compensation. Nursing intervenes (e.g., oxygen), distinguishing from normal variations, ensuring airway management.
Question 4 of 5
A 68-year-old scheduled for a hemiorrhaphy at an ambulatory surgical center expresses concern that he will not have enough care at home and asks if he can stay in the hospital after the surgery. The best response by the nurse is,
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Who is available to help you at home after the surgery?,' as it assesses support systems, addressing the patient's concern unlike 'reassurance' (B), dismissive, 'self-care teaching' (C), evasive, or 'insurance' (D), irrelevant. In nursing, exploring resources ensures discharge safety; A aligns with NCLEX Perioperative, prioritizing patient-centered planning.
Question 5 of 5
ASA (aspirin) should be discontinued...
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aspirin should be discontinued 7-10 days before surgery due to its antiplatelet effect lasting about 10 days. Longer 30 days , 60 days is excessive; 1-3 days is insufficient. The rationale focuses on pharmacology: aspirin irreversibly inhibits platelets, increasing bleeding risk; stopping 7-10 days allows new platelet formation, balancing hemostasis with cardiovascular needs. Nursing coordinates this, consulting surgeons for cardiac patients, ensuring safety, distinct from overly cautious or rushed timelines.