The structure of the body refers to:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Anatomy is the study of the body's structure its parts, like bones and organs, and their arrangement key for PSWs in understanding physical care needs. Pathology examines disease processes, not structure alone. Physiology explores functions, not static form. Biology is broader, encompassing all life sciences. Anatomy's focus on physical layout, as in textbooks like Tortora's, supports tasks like positioning or wound assessment, distinguishing it from functional or disease-based fields, making it the correct term for body structure.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Incontinence is the inability to control urine or feces elimination, common in elderly or disabled clients, requiring PSW assistance. Retention is inability to release, not loss of control. Diarrhea is frequent loose stools, not necessarily uncontrolled. Flatus is gas, unrelated to urine/feces control. Medical terminology, key for PSWs documenting care, defines incontinence as this condition, aligning with its prevalence and care needs, making it the correct term.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Normal fluid balance requires about 1500-2000 ml daily for adults, per general health guidelines (e.g., Canada's Food Guide), covering losses via urine, sweat, and respiration. Less risks dehydration, while more (Choices C, D) may exceed needs unless active or ill. PSWs monitor intake/output, and this range suits most healthy adults, adjusting for age or condition, making it the correct standard for maintaining hydration.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Fibre promotes bowel elimination by adding bulk and softening stool, easing passage, per dietary guidelines like Canada's Food Guide. Iron aids blood, not digestion directly. Protein builds tissue, not bowel motility. Vitamin A supports vision, not elimination. PSWs manage constipation, and fibre's role in regularity is well-documented, making it the correct substance.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Body fluids encompass all substances PSWs handle with PPE vaginal secretions , semen , and blood are examples, carrying infection risks. 'All of the above' includes these and others (e.g., urine), per infection control definitions. This broad category ensures safety protocols, making it the correct and inclusive answer.