ATI LPN
Medical Surgical Neurology Questions
Question 1 of 5
The stereocilia of hair cells are embedded in which membrane?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hair cell stereocilia are embedded in the tectorial membrane. TMP13 p. 677
Question 2 of 5
The first central synapse for neurons transmitting the sweet taste sensation is in which structure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Taste fibers synapse in the nucleus of the solitary tract. TMP13 pp. 687-688
Question 3 of 5
A patient with carotid atherosclerosis asks the nurse to describe a carotid endarterectomy.Which response by the nurse is accurate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a carotid endarterectomy, the carotid artery is incised, and the plaque is removed. The response beginning, 'The diseased portion of the artery in the brain is replaced' describes an arterial graft procedure. The answer beginning, 'A catheter with a deflated balloon is positioned at the narrow area' describes an angioplasty. The final response beginning, 'A wire is threaded through the artery' describes the mechanical embolus removal in cerebral ischemia (MERCI) procedure.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has been experiencing stroke symptoms for 60 minutes. Which action can the nurse delegate to a licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Administration of subcutaneous medications is included in LPN/LVN education and scope of practice. The other actions require more education and scope of practice and should be done by the registered nurse (RN).
Question 5 of 5
A previously healthy 68-year-old male presents with progressive muscle weakness in his right hand, swallowing difficulty and difficulty with walking. He believes these symptoms occurred 'out of the blue' and have worsened over the last 2-3 months. His temperature is 98.6 deg F (37 deg C), blood pressure 145/86 mmHg, pulse is 80/min, and respirations are 17/min. Neurologic examination is significant for mild dysarthria. He has atrophy of the thenar muscles of the right hand and forearm, and 2/5 strength on wrist extension and flexion, as well as 3/5 power in intrinsic hand muscles on right. He has some fasciculations in his right thigh, and mild (4+/5) weakness of hip flexors bilaterally. Tone is increased in both legs. Sensory examination is intact. 3+ patellar reflexes are noted on the left lower extremity. On gait testing, the patient has poor balance, and spastic gait. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Progressive weakness, atrophy, fasciculations, spasticity, and hyperreflexia suggest a mixed upper (spasticity, hyperreflexia) and lower (atrophy, fasciculations) motor neuron disease, characteristic of ALS. Guillain-Barre is acute with areflexia, myasthenia gravis involves fatiguable weakness, multiple sclerosis affects sensory and motor tracts, and dermatomyositis includes rash and proximal weakness.