The social institution where one learns by watching and imitation is

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The family is the primary social institution where individuals first learn through observation and imitation, starting from infancy. 'Family,' is correct because children mimic parents' behaviors, language, and habits, as emphasized by Albert Bandura's social learning theory, which highlights modeling as a key learning process. 'Educational Institution,' involves structured learning later in life, often beyond initial imitation stages. 'Peer Group,' influences behavior through interaction but typically follows family influence. 'Reference Group,' refers to aspirational groups one identifies with, not a primary learning context. The family's intimate, early role in shaping behavior through watching and copying—such as a child imitating a parent's speech—distinguishes it as the foundational institution for this type of learning, making C the correct answer, supported by developmental psychology's focus on familial influence.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A nurse as a patient advocate primarily ensures the patient's voice is heard and their needs met, especially when they can't speak for themselves. 'Acts as the patient's mouth piece,' is correct because it reflects advocacy's core—representing the patient's wishes, per the ANA Code of Ethics. 'Acts as the patient's witness,' is passive, not advocacy's active role. 'Teaches the patient to fight for his right,' is empowerment, not direct advocacy. 'Defends those involved in providing care,' prioritizes staff, not the patient. Advocacy involves articulating patient preferences (e.g., refusing treatment), making A the precise answer, aligned with nursing's patient-centered duty.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Essential drug policies (e.g., WHO's Essential Medicines List) prioritize proven, cost-effective drugs for population needs. 'New drugs can be easily tried,' is correct as the exception because such policies restrict drug lists to established options, not experimental ones, ensuring safety and efficacy. 'It is medically, therapeutically, and scientifically sound,' is an advantage, reflecting evidence-based selection. 'It responds to real health needs of the people,' is true, targeting prevalent conditions. 'It makes quality control easier,' is accurate, as fewer drugs simplify regulation. Excluding untested new drugs aligns with the policy's focus on reliability, making A the odd one out, per global health guidelines.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Local anesthesia complications can be local or systemic. 'Hypotension,' is correct as a systemic effect, often from overdose or rapid absorption (e.g., lidocaine toxicity), per anesthesiology texts (e.g., Morgan & Mikhail). 'Pain,' and 'Edema,' are local, site-specific reactions. 'Nerve damage,' is local, not systemic, unless widespread. Hypotension reflects systemic circulation impact, distinguishing C as the accurate answer, rooted in clinical observations of local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST).

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The statement of the problem defines the issue's scope and severity. 'Statement of the problem,' is correct because it quantifies the problem's extent (e.g., prevalence rates), per research methodology (e.g., Creswell). 'Purpose of study,' outlines intent, not magnitude. 'Significance of the study,' explains importance, not size. 'Relevance of the study,' justifies pertinence, not scale. The problem statement's role in detailing the issue's magnitude—e.g., 30% of nurses face burnout'—makes A the accurate answer.