The simplest animals to display cephalization and centralization of the nervous system are

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Flatworms (e.g., planarians) show cephalization (head with nerve concentration) and a simple centralized nervous system, unlike sponges or cnidarians.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Schizophrenia features hallucinations and delusions, distinguishing it from depression or dementia.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A neuron’s three basic parts are the cell body, dendrites, and axon; myelin is a sheath, pons is a brain region, and dura mater is a meningeal layer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Irritability is the ability of neurons (and other cells) to respond to stimuli, distinct from conductivity (signal transmission).

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The medulla oblongata contains vital centers for heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, and reflexes like swallowing and vomiting.