ATI LPN
NCLEX PN Questions on Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The right atrioventricular valve is also called the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The right atrioventricular (AV) valve is the tricuspid, with three cusps, preventing backflow from right ventricle to atrium. Bicuspid and mitral are left-sided (same valve); aortic is semilunar, not AV. This naming reflects its tri-leaflet design, key in right heart flow, critical in tricuspid issues like regurgitation, a precise valve identity.
Question 2 of 5
A client is hospitalized with a diagnosis of pneumonia. Which findings, based on the nurse's knowledge, are indicative of deteriorating clinical state? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased respiratory rate (A), tachycardia (B), agitation (C), and cyanosis (D) signal pneumonia deterioration, per document (1-4). Tachypnea (e.g., RR >30) reflects hypoxemia (PaOâ‚‚ <60 mmHg). Tachycardia (HR >100) compensates low Oâ‚‚. Agitation indicates cerebral hypoxia. Cyanosis (SpOâ‚‚ <90%) shows deoxygenation. Urine output is unrelated. A's priority RR doubling drives hypoxia detection, distinguishing it from E's irrelevance.
Question 3 of 5
When taking the nursing history of a child with cystic fibrosis, what piece of information about the child's newborn period would the nurse expect the mother to report?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Meconium ileus (C) is expected in cystic fibrosis (CF) newborns, per document (3). CFTR mutation thickens mucus, blocking intestines (10-20% incidence), causing obstruction. Resuscitation (A) or labor duration (B, D) are unrelated CF's respiratory issues emerge later. C's early sign 90% positive sweat test link flags CF, distinguishing it from A's acute event, per CF Foundation.
Question 4 of 5
An infant with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is receiving ribavirin. While caring for this infant, what actions should the nurse avoid? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Avoid wearing contact lenses (C) and caring for high-risk kids with ribavirin for RSV, per document (3, 5). Ribavirin aerosol irritates eyes lenses trap it (10% risk). Cross-care spreads RSV (30% risk). Precautions (A) and suction (B) are safe. C's avoidance per CDC protects nurse, unlike A's necessity, in RSV's contagious setting.
Question 5 of 5
The volume of air that can be exhaled after normal exhalation is the
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Expiratory reserve volume (ERV) is the air (~1-1.5 L) exhaled beyond normal exhalation (tidal volume, ~500 mL) with forced effort, part of vital capacity. Tidal volume is regular breathing. Residual volume (~1.2 L) stays in lungs post-maximal exhalation. Inspiratory reserve (~3 L) is extra inhaled beyond tidal. ERV reflects additional lung emptying capacity, key in pulmonary function tests, distinguishing it from residual or inspiratory volumes, critical in assessing obstructive diseases like COPD where ERV decreases due to air trapping, a vital lung volume metric.