ATI LPN
Renal System Multiple Choice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The renal cortex contains:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The renal cortex, the outer kidney layer, contains glomeruli and tubules, not pyramids (A), papillae (B), or calyces (C), which are in the medulla or pelvis. ‘None of the preceding' (D) fits, as these structures are absent from the cortex, making D correct.
Question 2 of 5
The vasa recta creates the osmotic gradient in the kidney's medulla.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The loop of Henle (D), not vasa recta, creates the medullary osmotic gradient via countercurrent multiplication. Vasa recta maintains it, making D the correct clarification.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is INCORRECT?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aldosterone is made in the adrenal cortex (D), not hypothalamus/pituitary, making it incorrect. Na⺠reabsorption (A), K⺠secretion (B), and water effects (C) are true, so D is the error.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse cares for a client who is recovering from a closed percutaneous kidney biopsy. The client states, 'My pain has suddenly increased from a 3 to a 10 on a scale of 0 to 10.' Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sudden pain increase may indicate hemorrhage, so assess vital signs first for stability.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse cares for a client admitted from a nursing home after several recent falls. What prescription should the nurse complete first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Falls may indicate a UTI in older adults, so urine culture is the priority first step.