ATI LPN
Renal System Multiple Choice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The region of the distal convoluted tubule in contact with the granular cells of the afferent arteriole is called the macula densa
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The macula densa, part of the distal convoluted tubule, contacts juxtaglomerular cells at the afferent arteriole, forming the JGA to regulate renin (A). This anatomical feature is true, not false (B), making A correct.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is admitted to the hospital with new onset nephrotic syndrome. Which assessment data will the nurse expect to find related to this illness?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome causes edema from hypoalbuminemia, leading to weight gain (C). Hypertension, not low BP (D), is typical, skin turgor is normal with edema (A), and ketones (B) are unrelated, making C the expected finding.
Question 3 of 5
An 88-year-old with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has a markedly distended bladder and is agitated and confused. Which of the following interventions prescribed by the health care provider should the nurse implement first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acute urinary retention (A) with distension and agitation requires immediate catheterization to relieve pressure and symptoms. IVP (B), sedation (C), and labs (D) follow, but relieving retention is the urgent first step, making A the priority.
Question 4 of 5
A patient passing bloody urine has scheduled a cystoscopy with cystogram. Which description of the procedure by the nurse is accurate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In a cystoscope and cystogram procedure, a cystoscope is inserted into the bladder for direct visualization, and then contrast solution is injected through the scope so that x-rays can be taken. The response beginning, “Your doctor will place a catheter†describes a renal arteriogram procedure. The response beginning, “Your doctor will inject a radioactive solution†describes a nuclear scan. The response beginning, “Your doctor will insert a lighted tube into the bladder, and little catheters will be inserted†describes a retrograde pyelogram.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is to obtain an orthostatic blood pressure measurement for a patient on dialysis for end-stage renal disease. Which of these would the nurse do to obtain this measurement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Orthostatic BP (A) assesses fluid status by measuring lying, sitting, and standing positions for postural hypotension. Frequent checks (B), dialysis timing (C), or medication (D) don't define orthostatic measurement, making A the method.