ATI LPN
Multiple Choice Questions on Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The primary purpose of the Schilling test is to measure the client's ability to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Schilling test assesses the client's ability to absorb vitamin B12, as it evaluates the absorption of an orally administered radioactive B12. First, the client is given a dose of radioactive B12 orally, and urine samples are collected to measure how much of the radioactive B12 is excreted. If the client is unable to absorb vitamin B12 properly, a second test is performed with intrinsic factor to determine the cause. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as the Schilling test specifically focuses on the absorption, not storage, digestion, or production of vitamin B12.
Question 2 of 5
Decitabine increases the fetal hemoglobin production by inducing methylation of DNA and thus prevents the switch from gamma to beta-globin production.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Decitabine is a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, NOT an inducer. Step 2: Fetal hemoglobin production is regulated by gene expression, not DNA methylation. Step 3: The switch from gamma to beta-globin production is primarily controlled by transcription factors. Step 4: Therefore, the statement that decitabine prevents the switch by inducing DNA methylation is FALSE. Summary: Choice B is correct because decitabine does not induce DNA methylation to increase fetal hemoglobin production. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect due to the lack of evidence supporting them.
Question 3 of 5
Homan's sign is classified as pain behind the knee
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. Homan's sign is actually classified as pain in the calf upon passive dorsiflexion of the foot, not behind the knee. This test is used to assess for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The other choices are incorrect: A is incorrect as Homan's sign is not associated with pain behind the knee, C is incorrect as the sign is consistent in its presentation, and D is incorrect because Homan's sign is not exclusive to DVT.
Question 4 of 5
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is most common leukemia in what kind of people? Slide 4
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Older adults. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia typically affects individuals over the age of 50, with the average age of diagnosis around 70. This type of leukemia is rare in young adults, children, or middle-aged adults. Risk factors for chronic lymphocytic leukemia include advanced age and a family history of the disease. Therefore, older adults are the most commonly affected demographic group for this type of leukemia.
Question 5 of 5
A 1:20 dilution was made in a unopette, with glacial acetic acid as the diluent. The four corner squares on BOTH sides of the hemacytometer are counted for a total of 100 cells. What is the total WBC (x10^9/L)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 2.5. The dilution factor for the hemacytometer is 20, so we must multiply the count of 100 cells by 20 to get the total number of cells per microliter. Given the dilution factor, we then convert cells per microliter to cells per liter by multiplying by 10^6. To convert cells per liter to cells per cubic meter, we multiply by 10^3. Finally, to convert cells per cubic meter to x10^9/L, we divide by 10^9. The correct calculation is (100 cells * 20 * 10^6 * 10^3) / 10^9 = 2.5 x10^9/L. Summary: A: 0.25 - Incorrect, as it does not account for the dilution factor and the subsequent conversions. C: 5 - Incorrect, as it is the result of a miscalc