The postanesthesia care unit (PACU) nurse transports the inpatient surgical patient to the medical-surgical floor. Before leaving the floor, the medical-surgical nurse obtains a complete set of vital signs. What is the rationale for this nursing action?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Obtaining vital signs post-transport compares them to PACU baselines, monitoring for variations (e.g., hypotension from movement) to ensure stability. It's not just the first assessment step context matters. It's not merely to confirm nurse attention or follow policy, though policies may align. This rationale tracks physiological response, critical for early complication detection (e.g., bleeding), aligning with safe handoff practices between units.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Computers in healthcare primarily enhance efficiency and accuracy in managing patient care. 'Keeping database of treatment,' is correct because electronic health records (EHRs) store treatment histories, diagnoses, and medications, improving care coordination, as seen in systems like Epic or Cerner. 'Assisting patient,' is vague and not a primary computer function; assistance comes via staff using tech. 'Browsing social media,' is unrelated to healthcare utility, serving personal rather than clinical needs. 'Blood donation,' involves logistics but isn't a core computer role in health settings. EHRs' role in storing and retrieving treatment data, backed by healthcare IT studies, underscores A as the most significant and widely implemented use, distinguishing it from the less relevant or indirect options.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A nurse as a patient advocate primarily ensures the patient's voice is heard and their needs met, especially when they can't speak for themselves. 'Acts as the patient's mouth piece,' is correct because it reflects advocacy's core—representing the patient's wishes, per the ANA Code of Ethics. 'Acts as the patient's witness,' is passive, not advocacy's active role. 'Teaches the patient to fight for his right,' is empowerment, not direct advocacy. 'Defends those involved in providing care,' prioritizes staff, not the patient. Advocacy involves articulating patient preferences (e.g., refusing treatment), making A the precise answer, aligned with nursing's patient-centered duty.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Essential drug policies (e.g., WHO's Essential Medicines List) prioritize proven, cost-effective drugs for population needs. 'New drugs can be easily tried,' is correct as the exception because such policies restrict drug lists to established options, not experimental ones, ensuring safety and efficacy. 'It is medically, therapeutically, and scientifically sound,' is an advantage, reflecting evidence-based selection. 'It responds to real health needs of the people,' is true, targeting prevalent conditions. 'It makes quality control easier,' is accurate, as fewer drugs simplify regulation. Excluding untested new drugs aligns with the policy's focus on reliability, making A the odd one out, per global health guidelines.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Local anesthesia complications can be local or systemic. 'Hypotension,' is correct as a systemic effect, often from overdose or rapid absorption (e.g., lidocaine toxicity), per anesthesiology texts (e.g., Morgan & Mikhail). 'Pain,' and 'Edema,' are local, site-specific reactions. 'Nerve damage,' is local, not systemic, unless widespread. Hypotension reflects systemic circulation impact, distinguishing C as the accurate answer, rooted in clinical observations of local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST).