ATI LPN
Cardiovascular MCQ Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The physician's order says to administer Lasix 40 mg IV twice a day. The patient has the following morning labs: Na+ 148, BNP 900, K+ 2.0, and BUN 10. Which of the following is a nursing priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: K+ 2.0 indicates hypokalemia, worsened by Lasix; hold the dose and notify the physician (D).
Question 2 of 5
Which information should the nurse include when teaching a patient with newly diagnosed hypertension?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypertension is usually asymptomatic until target organ damage has occurred. Lifestyle changes(e.g., physical activity, dietary changes) are used to help manage blood pressure, but drugs are needed for most patients. Home BP monitoring should be taught to the patient and findings checked by the health care provider frequently when starting treatment for hypertension and then every 3 months once stable.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching an adult female patient about the risk factors for hypertension. What should the nurse explain as risk factors for primary hypertension?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Obesity, stress, high intake of sodium or saturated fat, and family history are all risk factors for primary hypertension. Diabetes and oral contraceptives are risk factors for secondary hypertension. Metabolic syndrome, renal disease, and coarctation of the aorta are causes of secondary hypertension.
Question 4 of 5
A newly diagnosed patient with hypertension is prescribed Diuril, a thiazide diuretic. What patient education should the nurse provide to this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics can cause postural hypotension, which may be potentiated by alcohol, barbiturates, opioids, or hot weather. Diuril does not cause either moderate hyperkalemia or severe hypokalemia and it does not result in hypernatremia.
Question 5 of 5
Arteriolar constriction is caused by:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Serotonin causes arteriolar constriction by activating smooth muscle receptors.