The physician has ordered for the nurse to obtain a sputum specimen. The nurse understands that the sputum specimen should be collected:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, to collect the sputum specimen before the first dose of antibiotics. This is because antibiotics can alter the composition of sputum, affecting test results. By collecting the specimen before antibiotic administration, the nurse ensures the sample is not contaminated. Choice A is incorrect as antibiotics can affect sputum composition. Choice B is incorrect as waiting 30 minutes after antibiotic administration still allows time for the drug to affect the sputum. Choice C is incorrect as administering antibiotics during sputum collection can contaminate the sample.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is the most therapeutic response as it acknowledges the client's fear, opens up communication about their condition, and encourages them to share information from their doctor. This response demonstrates empathy, validates the client's feelings, and promotes an open dialogue to address their concerns. Choices A and B dismiss or ignore the client's feelings, which can worsen the client's anxiety. Choice D focuses on symptoms rather than the client's emotional distress, missing the opportunity to explore the client's fears and provide emotional support.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: The examination is best performed after the menstrual period because breasts are least likely to be tender or swollen at this time, making it easier to detect any abnormalities. Performing the examination right after the period also ensures a consistent time each month. A: It does matter what day the examination is performed as timing can impact the accuracy of the examination. B: Performing the examination on the first day of the menstrual period may not be ideal as breasts can be more tender and swollen during this time, potentially affecting the accuracy of the examination. C: Performing the examination in the days just prior to the menstrual period may also not be ideal as breasts tend to be more tender and swollen during this time, making it harder to detect abnormalities.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for choice C: 1. Herpes simplex II can be transmitted even when there are no visible lesions (asymptomatic shedding). 2. The prodromal period is when the person may experience tingling or itching before lesions appear. 3. Avoiding sexual relations during prodromal period and until healed reduces transmission risk. 4. Waiting for at least 10 days after lesions are healed further decreases transmission risk. Summary: - Choice A is incorrect because transmission can occur even without visible lesions. - Choice B is incorrect as condom use may reduce but not prevent transmission entirely. - Choice D is incorrect because sexual activity should still be avoided during the healing period.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B - High-protein diet with vitamins and mineral supplements Rationale: 1. High-protein diet aids in tissue repair and wound healing, crucial for preventing pressure ulcer formation. 2. Vitamins and mineral supplements support overall nutritional status, essential for skin integrity and healing. 3. Protein is vital for maintaining muscle mass, which helps prevent pressure ulcers. 4. Focusing on protein and essential nutrients is key for overall health and immune function. Summary of other choices: A: Low-fat diet may lack essential nutrients for wound healing. Vitamin supplements alone may not provide adequate protein for tissue repair. C: A vegetarian diet can be nutritious, but fish oil may not be sufficient for protein needs. Nutritional supplements may not provide enough protein. D: Low-fat, low-cholesterol, high-fiber, low-carb diet may lack adequate protein for tissue repair and wound healing.