ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Final Exam Questions
Question 1 of 9
The physician has ordered antibiotic therapy for a client with a Gram-negative infection. The nurse can expect the physician to order:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside, targets Gram-negative infections (e.g., E. coli), effective against their cell walls penicillin and cefazolin favor Gram-positive, erythromycin less so. Nurses anticipate this, monitoring for nephrotoxicity or ototoxicity, ensuring proper dosing for bacterial clearance in this client.
Question 2 of 9
Mr. Gary's wife verbalized that she is anxious about the impending death of her husband. Which of the following is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tell me more about what you're feeling' (B) is most appropriate, inviting Mrs. Gary to express anxiety therapeutically, per Rogers. 'Everything's alright' (A) dismisses, 'you'll get over it' (C) assumes, 'why anxious' (D) judges. B fosters support, making it correct.
Question 3 of 9
Which of the following statement is true regarding temperature?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rectal thermometers have pear-shaped or round bulbs for safety e.g., preventing injury in infants. Oral temps are less accurate than rectal (gold standard), older age lowers BMR (metabolism slows), and swimming increases BMR (activity boosts it). This design ensures accurate, safe measurement, per nursing protocols.
Question 4 of 9
Nurse Angela knew that Stephen Lee Mu Chin, has just undergone an operation with an incision near the diaphragm. She knew that this will contribute to some complications later on. She then should develop what type of Nursing diagnosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Post-op near-diaphragm incision risks complications (e.g., respiratory), warranting a risk diagnosis (D), per NANDA. Actual (A) needs current signs, probable (B) and possible (C) don't apply pre-symptom. D anticipates, making it correct.
Question 5 of 9
The nurse should observe for side effects associated with the use of bronchodilators. A common side effect of bronchodilators is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nausea is a common side effect of bronchodilators like albuterol, stemming from systemic absorption stimulating the gastrointestinal tract or central nervous system, a frequent complaint in respiratory therapy. Tinnitus relates more to ototoxic drugs, ataxia to neurological issues, and hypotension isn't typical tachycardia is more likely. Nurses monitor for nausea to adjust administration (e.g., with food) or report persistent issues, ensuring client comfort while maintaining airway dilation. This vigilance balances therapeutic benefits against manageable side effects, critical for clients with chronic respiratory conditions.
Question 6 of 9
Which of the following nursing interventions promotes patient safety?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All interventions enhance safety by addressing mobility, communication, and identification.
Question 7 of 9
The nurse is explaining the purpose of the Healthy People 2030 initiative to a client. Which goal(s) will the nurse point out as included?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Healthy People 2030 sets national goals to improve health equity and outcomes, including increasing health insurance access to reduce disparities, a measurable target tied to better care utilization. Decreasing new cancer diagnoses aims to lower chronic disease rates through prevention, like screening or lifestyle changes. Boosting medical degrees among underrepresented groups enhances workforce diversity, addressing cultural competence needs. Improving hearing and visual health via education prevents disability progression. Building disability-specific facilities isn't a goal; rather, it's about enhancing existing access. These objectives insurance, cancer reduction, diversity tackle root causes of inequity, aligning with nursing's advocacy for accessible, preventive care, impacting clients broadly by 2030.
Question 8 of 9
Contains the pneumotaxic and the apneutic centers
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The pons houses pneumotaxic (rate control) and apneustic (prolonged inspiration) centers e.g., regulating breathing rhythm. Medulla sets the pattern, carotid/aortic bodies sense chemo changes. Nurses understand this e.g., in apnea cases for neurological respiratory assessment, per brain anatomy.
Question 9 of 9
Most priority nursing intervention while caring for a child who is suffering from tonic-clonic seizure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During tonic-clonic seizures, safety is paramount. Oxygen (choice A) may follow but isn't first. Sitting/water (choice B) risks aspiration, inappropriate. Protecting from injury (choice C) padding, clearing objects prevents harm during convulsions. Restraints (choice D) worsen injury. C is correct, per seizure protocol. Nurses time seizures, ensure airway post-ictal, and reassure, prioritizing safety.