The pericardium is the of the heart:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The pericardium is the heart's outer layer, a sac enclosing it to protect and anchor it, with fibrous and serous parts. The second layer aligns with the myocardium (muscle), and the inner layer is the endocardium, neither called pericardium. 'None of the above' dismisses the correct term. Cardiac anatomy, relevant for PSWs monitoring heart conditions, identifies the pericardium as the external protective covering, as in Netter's Atlas, making 'Outer layer' the precise and correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Fear of bathing and perineal care, intimate tasks, suggests sexual abuse , where past violation during such care could trigger trauma responses. Physical abuse involves general harm, less specific to bathing fear. Emotional abuse affects self-worth, not necessarily hygiene tasks. Financial abuse is unrelated. PSWs must recognize abuse signs, and sexual abuse aligns with psychological impacts on personal care, per trauma studies, making it the correct cause.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Diabetic diets manage blood sugar by controlling carbohydrates, protein, and fat , as carbs directly affect glucose, while protein and fat balance energy, per diabetes guidelines (e.g., Diabetes Canada). Sodium and fluids address other conditions. Calorie intake is general, not diabetes-specific. Semi-solid foods suit digestion issues, not sugar control. PSWs assist with these diets, making 'Carbohydrate, protein, and fat' the correct focus.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Drainage refers to discharge from the body, like pus or fluid from wounds, a term PSWs use in reporting. Infection may cause drainage, not define it. A suctioning device removes fluid, not the fluid itself. An oral arch is anatomical, unrelated. Medical vocabulary aligns 'Drainage' with discharge, making it the correct synonym.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Vicki's behaviors crying, bedwetting, bottle use show regression , reverting to earlier stages due to stress from a sibling, per child development theory. Adjusting implies coping, not retreat. Progressing is forward growth. Projecting is emotional displacement. PSWs recognize regression in family dynamics, making it the correct sign.