ATI LPN
Questions on Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The patient asks the nurse why the physician ordered beclomethasone (Beclovent) for his COPD. Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beclomethasone (Beclovent), an inhaled corticosteroid, reduces inflammation in COPD airways, easing breathing by decreasing mucosal swelling and mucus production, which obstruct airflow. It doesn't prevent airway dilation (A) that's counterproductive; it enhances beta-agonist responsiveness, dilating airways indirectly. While it suppresses immunity (C), this isn't the primary therapeutic goal reducing inflammation is. It doesn't decrease responsiveness to bronchodilators (D); it may enhance it. The exact mechanism is unclear, but its anti-inflammatory action targets chronic airway irritation, a hallmark of COPD, distinct from bronchodilators' immediate relief. This explanation aligns with patient education, emphasizing improved airflow over side effects, critical for adherence and understanding treatment's role in managing COPD's progressive obstruction.
Question 2 of 5
A 19-year-old comes into the emergency department with acute asthma. His respiratory rate is 44 breaths/minute, and he appears to be in acute respiratory distress. Which of the following actions should be taken first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Giving an ordered bronchodilator by nebulizer (B) is the first action for this 19-year-old in acute asthma distress respiratory rate 44 breaths/minute signals severe bronchoconstriction needing immediate reversal. Nebulized albuterol opens airways fast, easing distress and preventing hypoxia, a life-saving priority. Medication history (A) delays critical intervention details can wait. Cardiac monitoring (C) assesses tachycardia but doesn't treat the cause. Emotional support (D) is secondary to airway management. In ED nursing, bronchodilators address the acute obstruction wheezing, dyspnea key to stabilizing the client before further steps.
Question 3 of 5
A pharmaceutical company is designing agents to treat the recurrent bronchospasm of bronchial asthma. Several agents that are antagonistic of bronchoconstriction are tested for efficacy in reducing the frequency and severity of acute asthmatic episodes. An inhaled drug reducing which of the following mediators is most likely to be effective in treating recurrent bronchial asthma?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Th2 cytokines (C) reduction treats recurrent asthma . IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 from TH2 cells drive late-phase inflammation, eosinophilia, and bronchospasm . Blocking them (e.g., anti-IL-13) cuts episodes (50% reduction). Th1 (A) aids granulomas. Amines (B) act early, not recurrently. Leukotrienes (D) enhance constriction but are secondary. C's role in chronicity unlike B's acute phase makes it key, per document.
Question 4 of 5
Which one of the following pathogens is the main cause of bronchiectasis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
A man has died after suffering with chronic pulmonary tuberculosis, his autopsy showed some scars in his lungs with weird-looking acinus. The doctors included that he had a type of emphysema, which is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.