ATI LPN
PN Pediatric Nursing Online Practice 2023 B Questions
Question 1 of 9
The parents of a newborn are concerned that their son's scrotum is enlarged and swollen on one side. The nurse's best response would be:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A hydrocele (C), fluid in the scrotum, often resolves by 1 year. Size difference (A) is normal but not swollen, bruising (B) or blood (D) suggest hematoma, not fluid. Document: 'These signs are indicative of a hydrocele… [that] usually corrects itself in a year.'
Question 2 of 9
Which of the following is the most common clinical feature at presentation in acute rheumatic fever (ARF)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is a complication of group A Streptococcus infection, diagnosed by the Jones criteria. Arthritis (Choice A) is the most common presenting feature, occurring in 60-75% of cases, typically as migratory polyarthritis affecting large joints. Carditis (Choice B) occurs in 50-60% of cases and is a major criterion, but it’s less frequent at initial presentation than arthritis. Erythema marginatum (Choice C) and subcutaneous nodules (Choice D) are rare, occurring in <5% and <1% of cases, respectively, and are not the most common presenting features. Arthritis’s high prevalence and early onset make it the correct answer.
Question 3 of 9
When caring for a neonate with imperforate anus, observe urine for
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Meconium D in urine suggests fistula, per document p18, 5.
Question 4 of 9
The following statement is not true about Williams syndrome:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Choice B is true (7q11.23 deletion), so not the answer; all others are accurate (NIH). Assuming intent, no false statement stands out; B is least likely false.
Question 5 of 9
An African American woman noticed some bruises on her newborn girl’s buttocks. She asks the nurse who spanked her daughter. The nurse explains that these marks are called
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mongolian spots D are benign, blue-gray marks common in darker-skinned newborns, per document .
Question 6 of 9
A 5-year-old girl presents with polyuria and polydipsia. Labs show blood glucose of 250 mg/dL and ketonuria. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes fits polyuria and ketonuria, per ADA. A, C-E differ.
Question 7 of 9
A 6-month-old infant presents with failure to thrive and hepatosplenomegaly. Labs show elevated triglycerides and uric acid. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Niemann-Pick disease features failure to thrive, hepatosplenomegaly, and lipid abnormalities, per NORD. A, C-E have distinct profiles.
Question 8 of 9
A 10-year-old boy appears with weight gain, moon facies, and striae. History reveals chronic steroid use for asthma. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cushing syndrome fits weight gain, moon facies, and steroid use, per AAP (doc p150, Q591).
Question 9 of 9
The priority nursing action for a child with epiglottitis is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Airway patency B is critical in epiglottitis, per document p22, 5.