ATI LPN
Questions for Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The organs of the respiratory system include all the following EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Body tissues (D) are not respiratory system organs, per the key they're served by it. The nose (A) filters/warms air (e.g., 10000 L/day). The trachea (B) conducts air (cartilage-supported). Lungs (C) exchange gases (300 million alveoli). The respiratory system nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs delivers Oâ‚‚ and removes COâ‚‚, per anatomy texts. Tissues (e.g., muscles, liver) use Oâ‚‚ but aren't part of this system; they're the endpoint of internal respiration. This excludes D, unlike A's entry point, B's conduit, or C's gas exchange role tissues rely on, but don't constitute, the respiratory apparatus.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse caring for a client diagnosed with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) should consider that in this client, impaired gas exchange is mostly likely related to which factor?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ARDS impairs gas exchange via shunting past non-ventilated alveoli (C), per document (3). Exudate (e.g., 200 mL) from injury (e.g., sepsis) floods alveoli, dropping ventilation (V/Q = 0), causing hypoxemia (PaOâ‚‚ <50 mmHg). Air trapping (A) is COPD. Fluid accumulation (B) contributes, but shunting's the mechanism. Excess AAT (D) is irrelevant. C's bypass 50% blood unoxygenated explains Oâ‚‚ failure, unlike A's obstruction.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer respiratory medications to a child hospitalized with asthma. By which most frequently used route will the medication be administered?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aerosol (A) is the most frequent asthma medication route, per document (1). Inhalers (e.g., albuterol) deliver bronchodilators to airways (90% lung deposition), acting fast (5 min). IV (B) or subcutaneous (C) are emergent (e.g., epinephrine). Oral (D) is slow (e.g., montelukast). A's efficiency FEVâ‚ up 20% beats D's delay, per GINA.
Question 4 of 5
In the lungs
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the lungs, P_CO2 in alveoli (~40 mmHg) is lower than in pulmonary capillaries (~45 mmHg), driving COâ‚‚ diffusion from blood to alveoli for exhalation. Deoxygenated blood arrives with higher COâ‚‚; alveoli, refreshed by ventilation, maintain lower COâ‚‚. P_O2 is higher in alveoli (~100 mmHg) than capillaries (~40 mmHg), enabling Oâ‚‚ uptake. Equal pressures (A, B) would halt exchange; higher alveolar P_CO2 (C) contradicts ventilation's role. This gradient, part of external respiration, ensures COâ‚‚ clearance and oxygenation, a fundamental gas exchange principle, critical in understanding lung efficiency and hypercapnia where COâ‚‚ retention rises.
Question 5 of 5
A client with asthma has started to take a beta-adrenergic agent. The client also takes a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). For what complication should the nurse assess the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypertension is a critical complication to assess when a client takes a beta-adrenergic agent (e.g., albuterol) with an MAOI. MAOIs block monoamine breakdown (e.g., norepinephrine), and beta-agonists stimulate its release, risking a hypertensive crisis blood pressure spikes from excess catecholamines. Hypotension (A) isn't typical; the interaction amplifies stimulation. Tachycardia (C) may occur from beta-agonists alone but isn't the primary concern here hypertension precedes it in severity. Bradycardia (D) contradicts beta-agonist effects (increased heart rate). This drug interaction, rare but serious, requires monitoring, especially in asthma patients with psychiatric comorbidities on MAOIs, highlighting the nurse's role in anticipating and managing pharmacodynamic risks.