ATI LPN
NCLEX Questions on Integumentary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The optimal measurement of intravascular fluid status during the immediate fluid resuscitation phase of burn treatment is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During initial fluid resuscitation, urine output helps guide fluid resuscitation needs. Measuring hourly intake and output is most effective in determining the needs for additional fluid infusion than is urine output alone. Blood urea nitrogen may be used to monitor volume status, but it is affected by the hyper-metabolic state seen after burns, so it is not the optimal measure of intravascular fluid status. Daily weight measures overall volume status, not just intravascular volume. Serum potassium is released with tissue damage and thus is not the optimum measure of intravascular fluid status.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with second-degree burns is concerned about skin repair. What should the nurse include when explaining the primary function of the epidermal layers of the skin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The epidermis, especially the stratum corneum, acts as a primary barrier against pathogens.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is performing a shift assessment on an elderly patient who is recovering after surgery for a hip fracture. The nurse notes that the patient is complaining of chest pain, has an increased heart rate, and increased respiratory rate. The nurse further notes that the patient is febrile and hypoxic, coughing, and producing large amounts of thick, white sputum. The nurse recognizes that this is a medical emergency and calls for assistance, recognizing that this patient is likely demonstrating symptoms of what complication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fat embolism syndrome occurs most frequently in young adults and elderly patients who experience fractures of the proximal femur (i.e., hip fracture). Presenting features of fat embolism syndrome include hypoxia, tachypnea, tachycardia, and pyrexia. The respiratory distress response includes tachypnea, dyspnea, wheezes, precordial chest pain, cough, large amounts of thick, white sputum, and tachycardia. Avascular necrosis (AVN) occurs when the bone loses its blood supply and dies. This does not cause coughing. Complex regional pain syndrome does not have cardiopulmonary involvement.
Question 4 of 5
An older adult patient experienced a fall and required treatment for a fractured hip on the orthopedic unit. Which of the following is a contributory factor to the incidence of falls and fractured hips among the older adult population?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Older adults are generally vulnerable to falls and have a high incidence of hip fracture. Weak quadriceps muscles, medication effects, vision loss, and slowed reflexes are among the factors that contribute to the incidence of falls. Decreased hearing is not noted to contribute to the incidence of falls.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing information for high school students about the skin. What should the nurse include about the function of the glands in the skin? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Eccrine sweat glands help regulate body temperature by cooling the body through sweat evaporation.