ATI LPN
Urinary System Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
The only part in nephron which is permeable to water and impermeable to ions:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The thin descending limb of the Loop of Henle is permeable to water via aquaporin-1, allowing water to exit into the medullary interstitium, but impermeable to ions, concentrating the filtrate. The PCT (A) and collecting ducts (C) reabsorb ions, and the thick ascending limb (D) is impermeable to water, making B uniquely correct.
Question 2 of 5
It is hospital policy to assess and record a patient's heart rate before administering digoxin (Lanoxin). By auditing the nursing records to determine the frequency of compliance with this policy, the quality assessment and improvement committee is conducting:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Auditing compliance with heart rate checks before digoxin (to prevent bradycardia) is a process analysis (A), evaluating how well a procedure is followed. Quality analysis (B) is broader, system analysis (C) assesses infrastructure, and outcome analysis (D) focuses on results, making A the specific focus here.
Question 3 of 5
What statement by a nursing student demonstrates a correct understanding of how pathological factors affect urinary elimination?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated parathyroid hormone increases calcium reabsorption, contributing to kidney stones (A), a correct pathological effect. Hypothyroidism slows metabolism (B), nephrotic syndrome loses proteins into urine (C), and acute kidney injury reduces output (D), making A the accurate understanding.
Question 4 of 5
Concerning angiotensin II:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The RAAS involves liver angiotensinogen, renal renin, and endothelial ACE (A, true), but angiotensin II, not just aldosterone, stimulates thirst/appetite (B is false), and AII increases sodium reabsorption (C, true). Only A is unequivocally correct—system components are accurate—while B is wrong and C is partial, making A the answer.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is a primary nursing intervention necessary for all patients with a Foley Catheter in place?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Keeping the drainage tubing and bag below the bladder (D) uses gravity to ensure continuous urine flow, preventing reflux and infection, a universal Foley care principle. Level positioning (A) hinders drainage, Neosporin irrigation (B) isn't routine and risks resistance, and clamping (C) disrupts flow and bladder function, making D the primary, evidence-based intervention.