ATI LPN
Patient Care Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nursing care plan for a client with decreased adrenal function should include
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Adrenal insufficiency (e.g., Addison's) requires constipation prevention due to fluid shifts.
Question 2 of 5
A patient requires assistance with eating. What principle should the nurse follow when feeding the patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maintaining a calm and unhurried pace when feeding a patient ensures safety, dignity, and comfort, allowing them to chew and swallow properly without risk of choking or aspiration. Rushing increases stress and danger, especially for those with swallowing difficulties. A large spoon might overwhelm the patient, leading to spills or aspiration, so appropriate utensil size matters. Letting the patient choose the meal entirely is impractical in a hospital setting with dietary restrictions, though offering preferences within limits is ideal. A relaxed approach fosters trust, respects the patient's pace, and aligns with nursing's holistic care principles, preventing complications while preserving the patient's autonomy as much as possible.
Question 3 of 5
How often should a nurse reposition an immobile patient to prevent pressure ulcers?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Repositioning an immobile patient every 2-4 hours prevents pressure ulcers by relieving sustained pressure on bony prominences, allowing blood flow to replenish oxygen and nutrients to tissues. Once a day is insufficient ulcers can form within hours under constant pressure. Weekly repositioning neglects basic care standards, risking severe skin breakdown. Waiting for patient requests is unreliable, as many can't sense discomfort or communicate needs. Evidence-based practice supports this frequency, adjusted to individual risk factors like skin condition or mattress type, making it a cornerstone of preventive nursing care for immobile patients.
Question 4 of 5
What is the appropriate way for a nurse to communicate with a patient who is hearing impaired?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Facing the patient directly while speaking allows a hearing-impaired patient to lip-read and catch visual cues, enhancing understanding without relying solely on volume. Speaking loudly and clearly helps but misses those who depend on visuals facing them is more inclusive. Rapid speech blurs words, reducing comprehension, and wastes time if repeated. Avoiding eye contact disconnects emotionally and obscures lip movements, hindering communication. Nurses use this face-to-face method to bridge the impairment gap, ensuring clarity, respect, and effective care delivery tailored to the patient's needs.
Question 5 of 5
Which nursing intervention promotes skin integrity for a bedridden patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Using pressure-reducing devices and repositioning promotes skin integrity in bedridden patients by alleviating pressure on vulnerable areas, enhancing circulation, and preventing ulcers. Vigorous massage over bony prominences risks tissue damage, not protection. Prolonged same-positioning causes pressure sores exactly what's to be avoided. Heat packs directly applied can burn or dry skin, worsening integrity. Nurses combine mattresses or cushions with regular turns (e.g., every 2 hours) to distribute weight, a proven strategy for maintaining healthy skin in immobile patients.