ATI LPN
Quiz Questions Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse would prepare the parents of a child with suspected leukemia for which of the following tests that would confirm this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bone marrow aspiration. Leukemia is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow, so bone marrow aspiration is the definitive test to confirm the diagnosis. It allows for the examination of the bone marrow cells to identify abnormal cells characteristic of leukemia. A: Lumbar puncture is used to assess the cerebrospinal fluid and is not specific for leukemia diagnosis. C: Complete blood count with differential can show abnormalities, but bone marrow aspiration is needed for a definitive diagnosis. D: Blood culture is used to detect infections, not leukemia. In summary, bone marrow aspiration is the most direct and accurate test for confirming leukemia, as it provides a detailed analysis of the bone marrow cells.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client to perform peritoneal dialysis in preparation for discharge to home. The nurse tells the client to use which of the following to prevent infection when connecting and disconnecting the peritoneal dialysis system?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Gloves and mask. Wearing gloves and a mask is essential when connecting and disconnecting the peritoneal dialysis system to prevent infection. Gloves protect against contact with contaminated fluids, while a mask prevents inhaling any potential pathogens. Goggles (choice C) are unnecessary as there is no risk of splashing in peritoneal dialysis. An apron (choice D) is also unnecessary since gloves provide adequate protection. Gloves alone (choice A) do not offer sufficient protection against potential respiratory infections. Therefore, the combination of gloves and a mask is the most appropriate choice to prevent infection during peritoneal dialysis procedures.
Question 3 of 5
A newborn is diagnosed with Hirschsprung disease. Which clinical manifestations found on assessment support this newborn’s diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, failure to pass meconium and abdominal distension. Hirschsprung disease results in the absence of ganglion cells in the distal part of the colon, leading to functional obstruction. Failure to pass meconium is a classic sign due to the inability of affected segment to relax, causing stool accumulation. Abdominal distension occurs as a result of the buildup of stool and gas proximal to the affected segment. Choices A, C, and D do not align with the characteristic clinical manifestations of Hirschsprung disease. Acute diarrhea and dehydration are not typical symptoms. Currant jelly stools and pain are more indicative of intussusception. Projectile vomiting and altered electrolytes are not commonly associated with Hirschsprung disease.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is talking to the mother of an exclusively breast-fed African American 3-month-old infant who was born in late fall. Which supplement will the nurse recommend for this infant?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vitamin D. Breastfed infants, especially those with darker skin or born in late fall/winter, are at risk of vitamin D deficiency due to limited sun exposure. Vitamin D is crucial for bone health and immune function. Iron (Choice A) is typically recommended around 4-6 months, not necessarily based on race. Fluoride (Choice C) is not recommended until at least 6 months. Calcium (Choice D) is not needed as a supplement for infants under 6 months.
Question 5 of 5
Which statement best identifies the characteristics of language development in a toddler?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because toddlers typically understand more words and concepts than they can express verbally due to their limited vocabulary and developing language skills. This is supported by research in child development showing that receptive language skills (understanding language) usually precede expressive language skills (speaking). Toddlers may struggle to articulate their thoughts and feelings, leading to frustration. Now, let's evaluate the other choices: A: Language development skills actually accelerate during the toddler period, not slow down. C: While toddlers may have pronunciation issues, most of their speech is usually understood by caregivers. D: A toddler's vocabulary usually ranges from 200 to 500 words, not strictly 600 words.