The nurse working in a community pediatric clinic knows that which are examples of secondary skin lesions?(Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ulcers. Secondary skin lesions are modifications or changes that result from primary skin lesions or external factors. Ulcers are a type of secondary skin lesion that involves loss of skin tissue, often due to underlying conditions like infections or vascular issues. Crusts (A), scales (B), and scars (C) are examples of primary skin lesions, not secondary. Crusts are dried blood or exudate on the skin surface, scales are flakes of skin, and scars are areas of fibrous tissue formed during the healing process. Ulcers are the only correct example of a secondary skin lesion in this context.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because a dose pack of prednisone is designed to provide a tapering dose regimen. Prednisone should not be abruptly stopped to prevent adrenal insufficiency. Tapering the dose gradually allows the body to adjust and minimize withdrawal symptoms. Choice A is incorrect because prednisone helps reduce inflammation, not decrease it. Choice C is incorrect as the dose pack typically starts with a higher dose then tapers down. Choice D is incorrect because while prednisone may reduce redness, the main purpose of the dose pack is to taper the medication.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Papillomas are benign growths of epithelial origin, making option B correct. 2. Option A is incorrect as papillomas are actually common non-cancerous growths. 3. Option C is incorrect as papillomas are typically not pigmented with melanin. 4. Option D is incorrect as papillomas are not specifically keratinized or limited to columnar epithelium.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: CN VIII. This cranial nerve, known as the vestibulocochlear nerve, is commonly affected by tumors due to its location near the cerebellopontine angle. Tumors in this area can compress CN VIII, leading to symptoms such as hearing loss, vertigo, and imbalance. CN II (A), CN IV (B), and CN V (C) are less commonly affected by tumors compared to CN VIII. CN II is the optic nerve, CN IV is the trochlear nerve, and CN V is the trigeminal nerve, each with different functions and locations in the brain. Therefore, D is the most likely cranial nerve to be affected by a tumor based on its anatomical proximity to common tumor sites.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because melanoma is typically fast-growing, asymmetrical, and raised. Melanomas often exhibit irregular borders, different colors within the lesion, and a larger size. This is due to the rapid proliferation of melanocytes, the pigment-producing cells, which leads to the characteristic appearance of melanoma. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because melanomas are not typically slow-growing, symmetrical, flat, or bleeding. Slow growth is more common in benign lesions, while symmetry, flatness, and bleeding are not typical features of melanoma. Therefore, option A best represents the common characteristics of melanoma based on its growth patterns and appearance.