ATI LPN
Questions on Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse wears gloves when assessing a child with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). After removing the gloves, what should the nurse's next action be?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hand hygiene (D) post-glove removal prevents RSV spread, per document (4). Soap/water or alcohol (20-40 s) kills virus (10ⶠvirions/mL). Laundry (A) risks contamination. Inspection (B) is secondary. Reminding parents (C) isn't next. D's action 99% pathogen reduction upholds CDC contact precautions, unlike A's error.
Question 2 of 5
The patient asks the nurse why the physician ordered beclomethasone (Beclovent) for his COPD. Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beclomethasone (Beclovent), an inhaled corticosteroid, reduces inflammation in COPD airways, easing breathing by decreasing mucosal swelling and mucus production, which obstruct airflow. It doesn't prevent airway dilation (A) that's counterproductive; it enhances beta-agonist responsiveness, dilating airways indirectly. While it suppresses immunity (C), this isn't the primary therapeutic goal reducing inflammation is. It doesn't decrease responsiveness to bronchodilators (D); it may enhance it. The exact mechanism is unclear, but its anti-inflammatory action targets chronic airway irritation, a hallmark of COPD, distinct from bronchodilators' immediate relief. This explanation aligns with patient education, emphasizing improved airflow over side effects, critical for adherence and understanding treatment's role in managing COPD's progressive obstruction.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following outcomes would be appropriate for a client with COPD who has been discharged to home? The client:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Knowing to call the physician if dyspnea on exertion increases (D) is an appropriate outcome for a COPD client post-discharge. Worsening dyspnea signals potential exacerbation or hypoxia, requiring medical review empowering self-monitoring enhances safety. Promises (A) aren't measurable outcomes; pursed-lip breathing is a means, not a goal. Pain (B) isn't typical in COPD unless complicated focus is respiratory. High-flow oxygen at 5 L/minute (C) risks CO2 retention in COPD; 1-2 L/minute is standard to avoid suppressing hypoxic drive. Option D reflects understanding of disease progression, critical for home management and preventing readmission, a key nursing education goal.
Question 4 of 5
A 19-year-old comes into the emergency department with acute asthma. His respiratory rate is 44 breaths/minute, and he appears to be in acute respiratory distress. Which of the following actions should be taken first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Giving an ordered bronchodilator by nebulizer (B) is the first action for this 19-year-old in acute asthma distress respiratory rate 44 breaths/minute signals severe bronchoconstriction needing immediate reversal. Nebulized albuterol opens airways fast, easing distress and preventing hypoxia, a life-saving priority. Medication history (A) delays critical intervention details can wait. Cardiac monitoring (C) assesses tachycardia but doesn't treat the cause. Emotional support (D) is secondary to airway management. In ED nursing, bronchodilators address the acute obstruction wheezing, dyspnea key to stabilizing the client before further steps.
Question 5 of 5
A pharmaceutical company is designing agents to treat the recurrent bronchospasm of bronchial asthma. Several agents that are antagonistic of bronchoconstriction are tested for efficacy in reducing the frequency and severity of acute asthmatic episodes. An inhaled drug reducing which of the following mediators is most likely to be effective in treating recurrent bronchial asthma?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Th2 cytokines (C) reduction treats recurrent asthma . IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 from TH2 cells drive late-phase inflammation, eosinophilia, and bronchospasm . Blocking them (e.g., anti-IL-13) cuts episodes (50% reduction). Th1 (A) aids granulomas. Amines (B) act early, not recurrently. Leukotrienes (D) enhance constriction but are secondary. C's role in chronicity unlike B's acute phase makes it key, per document.