ATI LPN
Perioperative Care Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse screens a preoperative patient for conditions that may increase the risk for complications during the perioperative period. Which conditions are possible risk factors? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Risk factors for perioperative complications include obesity , age over 65 , and chronic conditions like pulmonary disease (choice E, not listed here). Emotionally stable reduces psychological risk, not physical complications. Marathon runner suggests fitness, lowering risk. The rationale focuses on physiological vulnerabilities: obesity increases anesthesia and wound healing risks due to excess adipose tissue; advanced age (67) reduces organ reserve, heightening complications like cardiac events; pulmonary disease impairs oxygenation. These align with nursing assessments to identify and mitigate risks, ensuring tailored interventions like weight management or respiratory support, contrasting with protective factors like fitness or emotional stability.
Question 2 of 5
A patient experiences MH immediately after induction of anesthesia. What is the nurse anesthetist's first priority action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The first priority in an MH crisis is stopping inhalation agents and succinylcholine , halting the trigger. Dantrolene follows; cooling and labs are secondary. The rationale prioritizes cessation: MH is driven by these agents causing hypermetabolism; stopping them prevents progression. Nursing supports by preparing dantrolene next, but trigger removal is immediate, aligning with ABCs (airway, breathing) and rapid reversal, critical for survival.
Question 3 of 5
The patient received moderate sedation (conscious sedation) by IV prior to a bronchoscopy procedure. Before allowing the patient to have oral liquids, what must the nurse assess in this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse assesses the gag reflex before oral intake to prevent aspiration post-sedation. Arousal , speech , and head movement don't ensure swallowing safety. The rationale focuses on airway protection: sedation (e.g., midazolam) depresses reflexes; an absent gag reflex risks choking. Nursing tests this (e.g., swallowing test) post-bronchoscopy, ensuring recovery, critical for safe oral intake, distinct from general responsiveness.
Question 4 of 5
The PACU nurse is assessing a patient transferred in from the OR. Which assessment findings apply to assessment of the cardiovascular system? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cardiovascular findings include absent dorsalis pedis pulse and normal sinus rhythm . Eye opening is neurologic; Foley is renal. The rationale ties to circulation: pulse assesses peripheral flow, rhythm cardiac function. Nursing monitors post-op for vascular compromise (e.g., clot), distinct from neuro or urinary data, ensuring circulatory integrity.
Question 5 of 5
Which patient is most at risk for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient with motion sickness is most at risk for PONV due to vestibular sensitivity. NG tubes , weight loss , and MIS have less direct impact. The rationale ties to physiology: motion sickness history predicts opioid or anesthetic-induced nausea, a PONV trigger. Nursing anticipates antiemetics, targeting this risk, distinct from procedural or nutritional factors.