ATI LPN
HESI LPN Fundamentals Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse provides teaching to the parents of an adolescent client with generalized anxiety disorder. Which statements by the nurse are included in the teaching? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) teaching includes D: brain chemistry contributes via neurotransmitter imbalances (e.g., serotonin). A is false; GAD is common. B and C are true but not the single focus. Rationale: Neurochemical factors are a core GAD cause, per DSM-5, guiding treatment like SSRIs, making D essential for parental understanding.
Question 2 of 5
After an automobile collision, a client who sustained multiple injuries is oriented to person and place but is confused to time. The client complains of a headache and drowsiness, but assessment reveals that the pupils are equal and reactive. Which nursing action takes priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Post-collision with confusion, headache, and drowsiness, monitoring for increased ICP (D) is the priority to detect deterioration. Minimal movement (A) is secondary. Mannitol (B) requires orders. Stimulation (C) may not help. D is correct. Rationale: ICP monitoring identifies progression like hematoma, guiding urgent intervention, per trauma care priorities.
Question 3 of 5
A client who was in a motorbike accident has a severe neck injury. Which priority nursing care is most needed?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Severe neck injury from a motorbike accident prioritizes maintaining a patent airway (C), as trauma may obstruct breathing. Crepitus (A), bleeding (B), and neuro checks (D) follow. C is correct. Rationale: Airway patency is the first ABC step in trauma, preventing hypoxia, per emergency care protocols, critical in neck injuries with potential swelling or fracture.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a traumatic brain injury who is at risk for seizures. The healthcare provider prescribes phenytoin. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor while the client is receiving this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phenytoin, an anticonvulsant, requires monitoring liver function tests (B) due to hepatotoxicity risk. Potassium (A), BUN (C), or WBC (D) aren't primary. B is correct. Rationale: Liver metabolism of phenytoin can elevate enzymes, necessitating regular checks, per pharmacology, to prevent toxicity in brain injury care.
Question 5 of 5
You are a student nurse working as a part-time or temporary nursing assistant in a nursing home. The nurse on duty asks you to insert a nasogastric tube in a patient. You have recently passed an examination on putting in a nasogastric tube. Which of the following actions is best on your part?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: As a student nurse working as a nursing assistant, refusing to insert a nasogastric tube is the best action because it exceeds your legal scope of practice. Nursing assistants, even with training, are not authorized to perform invasive procedures like NG tube insertion, which requires a licensed nurse's skill and accountability. Doing it, even with supervision, risks legal and safety violations, as your role is limited to basic care. Consulting an instructor delays action and doesn't resolve the legal issue. Informing the nurse of your limitation upholds professional boundaries, protects the patient from potential harm due to inexperience, and ensures compliance with regulations, prioritizing safety and legality over task completion.