ATI LPN
Questions on the Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is working on the renal transplant unit. To reduce the risk of infection in a patient with a transplanted kidney, it is imperative for the nurse to do what?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse ensures that the patient is protected from exposure to infection by hospital staff, visitors, and other patients with active infections. Careful handwashing is imperative; face masks may be worn by hospital staff and visitors to reduce the risk for transmitting infectious agents while the patient is receiving high doses of immunosuppressants. Visitors may be limited, but are not normally barred outright. Ensuring kidney function is vital, but does not prevent infection.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with suspected bladder cancer reports symptoms. What is the most common symptom?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hematuria is the hallmark symptom of bladder cancer.
Question 3 of 5
What type of epithelium forms the lining of the urinary bladder? A) stratified squamous, B) transitional, C) simple ciliated columnar, D) simple cuboidal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The urinary bladder is lined with transitional epithelium (B), allowing stretch during filling. Stratified squamous (A) is in skin, ciliated columnar (C) in airways, and cuboidal (D) in tubules, making B the correct lining.
Question 4 of 5
While the kidneys process about 180 L of blood-derived fluids per day, the amount that actually leaves the body is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kidneys filter 180 L/day, but ~99% is reabsorbed, leaving ~1-2 L (1%, 1.8 L) (D) as urine. 90 L (A), 180 L (B), and 18 L (C) overestimate output, making D the accurate amount.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse contacts the health care provider after reviewing a client's laboratory results and noting a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of $35 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL}$ and a creatinine of $1.0 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL}$. For which action should the nurse recommend a prescription?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated BUN with normal creatinine suggests dehydration, indicating a need for IV fluids.