ATI LPN
LPN Nursing Fundamentals Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is teaching the client with insulin-dependent diabetes the signs of hypoglycemia. Which of the following signs is associated with hypoglycemia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tremulousness is a classic sign of hypoglycemia in insulin-dependent diabetes, resulting from the autonomic nervous system's response to low glucose, triggering adrenaline release shakiness signals urgent need for sugar. Slow pulse, nausea, or flushed skin align more with other conditions or hyperglycemia. Nurses teach this symptom for self-recognition, enabling rapid intervention with glucose sources, preventing severe outcomes like seizures, critical for diabetes management.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a closed head injury. Which finding suggests increasing intracranial pressure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Widening pulse pressure (e.g., 140/60) indicates rising intracranial pressure post-head injury, reflecting Cushing's triad with bradycardia and respiratory changes pulse, respiration, or mild fever alone don't confirm this. Nurses report this, signaling brain herniation risk, necessitating urgent intervention like mannitol or surgery.
Question 3 of 5
The physician has ordered a low-fat diet for a client with cholecystitis. The nurse recognizes that the client understands the dietary teaching if he selects:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Broiled fish, steamed carrots, and rice align with a low-fat diet for cholecystitis, minimizing gallbladder stimulation fried, fatty foods (chicken, bacon, hamburger) worsen inflammation. Nurses reinforce this choice, reducing pain and aiding recovery in gallbladder disease management.
Question 4 of 5
A client is hospitalized with hepatitis A. Which of the client's regular medications is contraindicated due to the current illness?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lipitor (atorvastatin) is contraindicated in active hepatitis A due to liver metabolism, risking hepatotoxicity Prilosec, Synthroid, and Premarin aren't similarly affected. Nurses hold statins, monitoring liver function, ensuring safety during acute liver inflammation.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is performing a physical assessment on a client with a history of gout. The nurse should assess the client for:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pain and swelling of the affected joint (often the big toe) are classic gout signs due to uric acid crystal deposits increased urine, fever, or numbness aren't typical. Nurses assess for redness and warmth, guiding anti-inflammatory treatment, critical for managing this metabolic disorder's acute flares.