The nurse is studying hypersensitivity reactions. Which reactions are correctly matched with their hypersensitivity types? (Select one that does not apply)

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because Type II hypersensitivity reactions are mediated by immunoglobulins G or M, not just IgM alone. Step-by-step rationale: 1. Type I hypersensitivity: Correctly matched with examples like hay fever and anaphylaxis. 2. Type II hypersensitivity: Incorrectly matched with IgM, as it is mediated by IgG or IgM. 3. Type III hypersensitivity: Correctly matched with immune complex deposits in blood vessel walls. 4. Type IV hypersensitivity: Correctly matched with examples like poison ivy and transplant rejection. In summary, choice B is incorrect because it inaccurately describes the immunoglobulin involved in Type II hypersensitivity reactions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: NK cells don't require any prior exposure before being active. NK cells are part of the innate immune system and can quickly respond to infected or abnormal cells without prior exposure or activation. They recognize stressed cells by detecting changes in surface markers. Choice A is incorrect because NK cells originate from lymphoid precursor cells. Choice C is incorrect because NK cells do not require prior exposure for their activity, although their response can be enhanced by cytokines. Choice D is incorrect because NK cells are not specific for particular viruses; they target a broad range of infected or abnormal cells.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer corticosteroids as prescribed for inflammation. In scleroderma, corticosteroids are commonly prescribed to reduce inflammation and manage symptoms. Bed rest (A) is not typically recommended as it can lead to muscle weakness. Remaining supine after meals (C) is not necessary for scleroderma. Keeping the room temperature warm during the day and cool at night (D) may provide comfort but does not directly address the underlying condition of scleroderma.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Blood pressure. Cyclosporine, a medication used in postrenal transplantation clients, can cause hypertension as a side effect. Therefore, an increase in blood pressure is the most likely vital sign to be elevated. Pulse, respirations, and pulse oximetry are less likely to be directly affected by cyclosporine. Pulse and respirations may be elevated due to pain from the headache, but the primary concern in this case would be the blood pressure due to the medication's known side effects. Pulse oximetry is not typically affected by cyclosporine and is more related to oxygen saturation levels.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML). The presentation of a 60-year-old man with abdominal fullness, fatigue, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, and the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome strongly suggests CML. The Philadelphia chromosome results from a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22, leading to the formation of the BCR-ABL fusion gene characteristic of CML. This gene encodes a constitutively active tyrosine kinase, driving uncontrolled proliferation of myeloid cells. Acute myeloid leukemia (A) typically presents with bone marrow failure, not leukocytosis and thrombocytosis. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (C) is more common in older adults, but it is characterized by lymphocytosis, not leukocytosis. Acute lymphocytic leukemia (D) usually presents with pancytopenia and blast cells in the peripheral blood, not leuk