ATI LPN
Urinary and Renal System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the patient's history and physical report. What is the term used to describe waste products building up in the blood?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Uremia (D) describes waste buildup (e.g., BUN, creatinine) in blood from kidney dysfunction. Nitrosemia (A) and proteinemia (B) are not terms, and septicemia (C) is infection-related, making D the correct term.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is reinforcing teaching on risk factors for prerenal injury. Which of these if stated by a patient indicates correct understanding?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prerenal injury causes include NSAIDs and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors which impair autoregulatory responses of the kidney.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is reinforcing teaching for a patient with a history of calcium oxalate kidney stones. The nurse recognizes that teaching has been effective if the patient avoids which of the following foods?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A low oxalate diet restricts foods such as spinach cocoa and instant coffee.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with a nursing diagnosis of deficient fluid volume. The nurses assessment reveals a BP of 98/52 mm Hg. The nurse should recognize that the patients kidneys will compensate by secreting what substance?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Low BP triggers renin (C) secretion from juxtaglomerular cells, initiating the RAAS to raise BP. ADH (A) and aldosterone (B) follow, and angiotensin (D) is a product, making C the initial response.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is working with a patient who will undergo invasive urologic testing. The nurse has informed the patient that slight hematuria may occur after the testing is complete. The nurse should recommend what action to help resolve hematuria?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased fluids (A) clear hematuria post-testing. Diuretics (B) aren't indicated, massage (C) is ineffective, and activity limits (D) don't help, making A the recommendation.