ATI LPN
Quiz Questions Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the chart of a patient who has been prescribed tacrolimus to prevent organ rejection after a transplant. What category of immunosuppressant does this drug fall into?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: calcineurin inhibitor. Tacrolimus falls under this category as it inhibits the enzyme calcineurin, which plays a crucial role in T-cell activation. This action suppresses the immune response and prevents organ rejection. Corticosteroids (choice A) work by suppressing inflammation, antimetabolites (choice B) interfere with nucleic acid metabolism, and monoclonal antibodies (choice D) target specific immune cells or proteins, but they do not directly inhibit calcineurin like tacrolimus.
Question 2 of 5
In the context of HIV prevention what does PRP stand for?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in the context of HIV prevention involves taking antiretroviral medication before potential exposure to prevent infection. This is effective in reducing the risk of HIV transmission. B: Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) is taken after potential exposure to prevent infection. C: Postexposure pneumonia is not a recognized term in HIV prevention. D: Pre-exposure pneumonia is not a recognized term in HIV prevention.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a child with sickle cell disease experiencing severe chest pain, fever, a cough, and dyspnea. What is the nurse’s priority action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Notify the health care practitioner because chest syndrome is suspected. Chest syndrome is a life-threatening complication in sickle cell disease characterized by acute chest pain, fever, cough, and dyspnea. The priority action is to notify the healthcare provider immediately for further evaluation and treatment. Administering oxygen (choice A) is important but not the priority in this case. Administering pain medication (choice B) can provide some relief but does not address the underlying cause. Notifying the healthcare provider for a suspected stroke (choice D) is not appropriate based on the symptoms described.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is developing a plan of care for 5-year-old child with a diagnosis of sickle cell anemia and formulates the following nursing diagnoses. The nurse should select which nursing diagnosis as the priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Deficient Fluid Volume. For a child with sickle cell anemia, dehydration can lead to sickling of red blood cells, causing pain crises. Addressing fluid volume deficit is crucial to prevent complications. Activity Intolerance (A) may result from anemia but is secondary to fluid volume deficit. Disabled Family Coping (C) and Imbalanced Nutrition (D) are important but not as urgent as addressing fluid volume deficit to prevent acute complications.
Question 5 of 5
Which action by the parents demonstrates an understanding of the nurse’s teaching with regard to prevention of iron-deficient anemia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because starting iron-fortified infant cereal at 4 to 6 months of age aligns with the nurse's teaching to prevent iron-deficient anemia. Iron-fortified foods help meet the infant's iron needs, as breastmilk alone may not provide sufficient iron after 4-6 months. Choice A is incorrect because formula not fortified with iron can lead to iron deficiency. Choice C is incorrect because cow's milk is not recommended before 1 year old due to its low iron content and risk of causing intestinal bleeding. Choice D is incorrect because vitamin C actually enhances iron absorption, so limiting it would not prevent anemia.