ATI LPN
Multiple Choice Questions on Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is reviewing blood results for an HIV patient. The nurse knows that the patient is at stage 2 when the CD4 count is at what level?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D (250 cells/μL). At stage 2 of HIV infection, the CD4 count typically ranges from 200 to 499 cells/μL. This means a CD4 count of 250 cells/μL falls within this range, indicating the patient is at stage 2. Choice A (534 cells/μL) is incorrect as it is above the range for stage 2. Choice B (601 cells/μL) is also incorrect as it is above the range for stage 2. Choice C (100 cells/μL) is incorrect as it falls below the range for stage 2. Thus, the correct answer is D based on the CD4 count range associated with stage 2 of HIV infection.
Question 2 of 5
People with irritable bowel syndrome for longer than 10 years:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: None of the above. People with irritable bowel syndrome do not necessarily need a hemicolectomy, as it is usually not a treatment option for IBS. There is no direct link between IBS and cancer, so the statement in option B is incorrect. IBS does not affect fertility, so option C is also incorrect. Therefore, the most appropriate answer is D as none of the statements provided are true for individuals with irritable bowel syndrome.
Question 3 of 5
A 4-year-old-child has been admitted with a diagnosis of sickle cell anemia. The nurse should expect to see which of the following lab results for this child?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Serum hemoglobin 7.7 g/dL. In sickle cell anemia, there is a decreased hemoglobin level due to the abnormal sickle-shaped red blood cells. This results in anemia. A low serum hemoglobin level is a characteristic finding in sickle cell anemia. A: Serum glucose level is not directly related to sickle cell anemia. B: Serum creatinine level is not typically affected by sickle cell anemia. C: Serum leukocytes level with a predominance of lymphocytes is not specific to sickle cell anemia. In summary, the correct lab result for a child with sickle cell anemia would be a low serum hemoglobin level, as it is a direct reflection of the anemia associated with the condition.
Question 4 of 5
The pediatric nurse understands that the most common cancer found in children is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Acute lymphocytic leukemia. This type of leukemia is the most common cancer in children, accounting for about 25% of all childhood cancers. It originates in the bone marrow and affects the production of white blood cells. Non-hodgkin’s lymphoma (choice A) is also a common childhood cancer, but it primarily affects lymph nodes. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (choice C) is rare in children and more common in adults. Ewing’s sarcoma (choice D) is a type of bone cancer that is more prevalent in adolescents and young adults, not typically in younger children.
Question 5 of 5
A child with meningococcemia is being admitted to the pediatric intensive-care unit. Which room assignment is the most appropriate for this child?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Private room, in respiratory isolation. This is because meningococcemia is spread through respiratory droplets. Placing the child in a private room with respiratory isolation measures helps prevent the spread of the disease to other patients and healthcare workers. Choice A (Semiprivate room) is incorrect as it does not provide sufficient isolation to prevent transmission. Choice B (Private room, but not in isolation) is incorrect because meningococcemia requires isolation precautions due to its mode of transmission. Choice C (Private room, in protective isolation) is incorrect as protective isolation is typically used for patients with compromised immune systems, not for meningococcemia which requires respiratory isolation.