ATI LPN
Urinary and Renal System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is reinforcing teaching on risk factors for prerenal injury. Which of these if stated by a patient indicates correct understanding?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prerenal injury causes include NSAIDs and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors which impair autoregulatory responses of the kidney.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with a nursing diagnosis of deficient fluid volume. The nurses assessment reveals a BP of 98/52 mm Hg. The nurse should recognize that the patients kidneys will compensate by secreting what substance?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Low BP triggers renin (C) secretion from juxtaglomerular cells, initiating the RAAS to raise BP. ADH (A) and aldosterone (B) follow, and angiotensin (D) is a product, making C the initial response.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is working with a patient who will undergo invasive urologic testing. The nurse has informed the patient that slight hematuria may occur after the testing is complete. The nurse should recommend what action to help resolve hematuria?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased fluids (A) clear hematuria post-testing. Diuretics (B) aren't indicated, massage (C) is ineffective, and activity limits (D) don't help, making A the recommendation.
Question 4 of 5
A client with Alzheimer's disease is experiencing memory loss. The nurse understands that the primary cause of this condition is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alzheimer's disease involves neurodegeneration and accumulation of amyloid plaques.
Question 5 of 5
A 45-year-old man with diabetic nephropathy has ESKD and is starting dialysis. What should the nurse teach the patient about hemodialysis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hemodialysis is the most commonly used method of dialysis. Patients receiving hemodialysis must undergo treatment for the rest of their lives or until they undergo successful kidney transplantation. Treatments usually occur three times a week for at least 3 to 4 hours per treatment.