ATI LPN
Urinary and Renal System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is reinforcing teaching for a patient with a history of calcium oxalate kidney stones. The nurse recognizes that teaching has been effective if the patient avoids which of the following foods?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A low oxalate diet restricts foods such as spinach cocoa and instant coffee.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is working with a patient who will undergo invasive urologic testing. The nurse has informed the patient that slight hematuria may occur after the testing is complete. The nurse should recommend what action to help resolve hematuria?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased fluids (A) clear hematuria post-testing. Diuretics (B) aren't indicated, massage (C) is ineffective, and activity limits (D) don't help, making A the recommendation.
Question 3 of 5
A client with Alzheimer's disease is experiencing memory loss. The nurse understands that the primary cause of this condition is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alzheimer's disease involves neurodegeneration and accumulation of amyloid plaques.
Question 4 of 5
A 45-year-old man with diabetic nephropathy has ESKD and is starting dialysis. What should the nurse teach the patient about hemodialysis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hemodialysis is the most commonly used method of dialysis. Patients receiving hemodialysis must undergo treatment for the rest of their lives or until they undergo successful kidney transplantation. Treatments usually occur three times a week for at least 3 to 4 hours per treatment.
Question 5 of 5
A patient on hemodialysis is given sevelamer hydrochloride with meals. What is the primary reason?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sevelamer binds phosphorus to prevent bone damage.