The nurse is providing preoperative teaching for the ambulatory surgery patient who will be having a cyst removed from the right arm. Which would be the best explanation for diet progression after surgery?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: For a minor procedure like arm cyst removal, starting with clear liquids, soup, and crackers, then advancing as tolerated, best supports diet progression. Anesthesia can slow gastrointestinal motility, risking nausea; a gradual approach tests tolerance, avoiding vomiting that could strain the surgical site. No limitations risk digestive upset from heavy foods too soon. A 24-hour clear liquid restriction is excessive for ambulatory surgery recovery is faster. Timed progression (2 hours each) is too rigid; tolerance varies. This flexible, patient-led explanation ensures comfort and hydration, aligning with ambulatory care standards for quick, safe recovery.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Personality describes the consistent patterns of thoughts, emotions, and behaviors that define how an individual reacts to life's challenges and situations, making each person unique. 'Personality,' is correct because it aligns with this definition, as articulated by Gordon Allport, who viewed personality as a dynamic organization of traits influencing responses. 'Relationship,' refers to connections between people, not individual response patterns. 'Socialization,' is the process of learning societal norms, not the resulting behavioral habits. 'Interaction,' denotes specific exchanges with others, not a stable, habitual trait. Personality's emphasis on enduring, individual-specific responses matches the question's focus on habitual ways, distinguishing it from situational or process-oriented terms. Psychological research, including the Big Five personality traits, reinforces that personality governs how individuals consistently handle life's situations, making A the precise answer over the less relevant alternatives.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Facultative anaerobes are microorganisms capable of thriving with or without oxygen, adapting their metabolism accordingly. 'Facultative anaerobes,' is correct because it describes organisms like Escherichia coli, which use aerobic respiration when oxygen is present and switch to fermentation or anaerobic respiration when it's absent. 'Obligate anaerobes,' require an oxygen-free environment, as oxygen is toxic to them. 'Strict anaerobes,' is a synonym for obligate anaerobes, also unable to tolerate oxygen. 'Obligate aerobes,' depend entirely on oxygen for growth, incapable of surviving without it. The flexibility of facultative anaerobes, documented in microbiology (e.g., Brock Biology of Microorganisms), distinguishes them from the rigid requirements of the other options, making C the precise answer for organisms that can handle both conditions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Application software is designed to perform specific tasks for users, such as writing documents or analyzing data. 'Application software,' is correct because it includes tools like Microsoft Word or Excel, directly fulfilling user needs, as per software classification (e.g., Pressman's Software Engineering). 'Work done software,' is not a standard term. 'Micro software,' is undefined and likely a misnomer. 'Microsoft work,' seems to mean Microsoft Word,' but it's too specific and not a category. Application software's user-facing functionality—unlike system software's hardware focus—makes A the accurate answer, reflecting its role in enabling practical tasks.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Drug absorption rate depends on factors affecting how quickly a drug crosses membranes into the bloodstream. 'Lipid solubility,' is correct because it's the primary determinant; lipophilic drugs penetrate cell membranes faster, as per pharmacokinetic principles (e.g., Goodman & Gilman). 'Rate of dissolution,' matters for solid drugs but follows solubility in sequence. 'Blood flow,' enhances delivery post-absorption, not the initial rate. 'Surface area,' increases absorption opportunity but depends on solubility to cross membranes. Lipid solubility's direct impact on membrane permeability—key in oral or transdermal drugs—makes A the first factor, supported by its foundational role in drug design.