ATI LPN
Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is providing an educational workshop about coronary artery disease (CAD) and its risk factors. The nurse explains to participants that CAD has many risk factors, some that can be controlled and some that cannot. What risk factors should the nurse list that can be controlled or modified?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because cholesterol levels, hypertension, and smoking are modifiable risk factors for CAD. High cholesterol levels can be controlled through diet and medication. Hypertension can be managed through lifestyle changes and medication. Smoking is a behavior that can be modified. A is incorrect because gender and family history are non-modifiable risk factors. Obesity can be controlled but is not listed in the correct answer. B is incorrect because inactivity and stress are modifiable risk factors, but gender is not modifiable. D is incorrect because stress and family history are non-modifiable risk factors, and obesity is not listed in the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
A client is being educated about type 2 diabetes. The educator can confirm that the client understands the primary treatment for type 2 diabetes when the client states what?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C Rationale: 1. Weight loss helps improve insulin sensitivity. 2. Managing weight is crucial for controlling blood sugar levels. 3. Dietitian-designed plans focus on balanced nutrition for diabetes management. 4. Weight loss can reduce the need for medication and improve overall health. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Pancreas transplant is not a primary treatment for type 2 diabetes. B: Taking oral antidiabetic agents based on blood sugar levels is not ideal. D: Contacting the diabetes educator for insulin questions is important but not primary treatment.
Question 3 of 5
The client was recently diagnosed with chronic gastritis. What health practice should the nurse address when teaching the client to limit exacerbations of the disease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Avoid taking aspirin to treat pain or fever. Aspirin can irritate the stomach lining, exacerbating gastritis symptoms. By avoiding aspirin, the client can reduce the risk of worsening gastritis. A: Physical activity is beneficial for overall health but does not directly impact gastritis exacerbations. C: While multivitamins and organic foods are generally healthy choices, they do not specifically address gastritis exacerbations. D: Maintaining a healthy body weight is important for overall health but does not directly prevent gastritis exacerbations.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse has completed the admission assessment of a client and has determined that the client's body mass index (BMI) is 33.5 kg/m2. What health promotion advice should the nurse provide to the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for the correct answer (A): 1. BMI of 33.5 indicates the client is in the overweight category. 2. Physical activity can help in weight management and improving overall health. 3. Integrating physical activity can help in reducing weight and lowering BMI. 4. Health promotion advice should focus on lifestyle changes rather than surgical interventions or support groups. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: B: While maintaining a healthy diet is important, focusing solely on diet may not be as effective as incorporating physical activity for weight management. C: Surgical options are typically considered for severe obesity cases, which may not be necessary at a BMI of 33.5. D: Referring to a support group for severe obesity may not be appropriate at this stage as lifestyle modifications should be the initial approach.
Question 5 of 5
A client with long-standing obesity has been prescribed phentermine/topiramate-ER. What statement by the client suggests that further health education is necessary?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the client's statement indicates a lack of understanding about the comprehensive approach needed to address obesity. Phentermine/topiramate-ER is not a standalone solution; it is most effective when used in conjunction with lifestyle changes like exercise and dietary modifications. By expressing a dislike for exercise and dietary changes, the client demonstrates a reliance solely on the medication, which is not conducive to long-term weight management. This suggests a need for further education on the importance of holistic lifestyle modifications in conjunction with medication therapy. Choice B is incorrect because the client expressing disbelief at medications for obesity is not necessarily indicative of a need for further education; it may simply reflect surprise or lack of awareness. Choice C is incorrect as the client's nervousness about blood tests is a common concern and does not necessarily indicate a need for more education. Choice D is also incorrect as financial concerns are valid but do not directly relate to the need for additional health education.