ATI LPN
Test Questions Renal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is providing a health education workshop to a group of adults focusing on cancer prevention. The nurse should emphasize what action in order to reduce participants risks of renal carcinoma?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tobacco use is a significant risk factor for renal cancer, surpassing the significance of high alcohol and sodium intake. Immunizations do not address an individuals risk of renal cancer.
Question 2 of 5
The process of micturition or urination:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Micturition is a sacral reflex (S2-S4) (C), contracting the detrusor (not relaxing, A) and relaxing sphincters. The external sphincter relaxes, not contracts (B), during voiding, making C the correct process description.
Question 3 of 5
What would happen to the GFR if the hydrostatic pressure exerted by the fluid in the capsular space increased?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increased capsular hydrostatic pressure (B) opposes glomerular filtration pressure, reducing GFR. Increase (A) contradicts this resistance, and no change (C) ignores the balance, making B correct.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse reviews the urinalysis results of a client and notes a urine osmolality of $1200 \mathrm{mOsm} / \mathrm{L}$. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: High osmolality indicates dehydration, so encouraging fluids is the appropriate nursing action.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse assesses clients on the medical-surgical unit. Which client is at greatest risk for the development of bacterial cystitis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Postmenopausal women not on estrogen have higher cystitis risk due to tissue changes.